Med Admin Flashcards
Therapeutic effect
The expected or predicted physiological response that a medication causes
Six rights
The right patient The right medication The right dose The right time The right route The right documentation
Toxic effect
Develop after prolonged intake of a medication or when medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion
Idiosyncratic reaction
Unpredictable where a pt overreacts or under reacts to a medication, or has a reaction different from normal
Mild Allergic reaction (4)
Urticaria- raised irregularly shaped skin eruptions ( reddened margins and pale centers)
Rash
Pruritus– itching of the skin, that accompanies most rashes
Rhinitis- inflammation of mucous membranes lining nose; causes swelling and clear watery discharge
Terms associated with medication action
Onset– time it takes after medication is administered for it to produce a response
Peak– time for medication to reach its highest effective concentration
Trough–minimum blood serum concentration of medication reached just before the next scheduled dose
Duration– time during which the medication is present in concentration great enough to produce a response
Plateau– blood serum concentration of a medication reached and maintained after repeated fixed doses
Controlled Substances C-I C-II C-III C-IV C-V
C-I High abuse potential
No acceptable medical use
May lead to severe dependence
ex: Heroin, LSD, marijuana
C-II High abuse potential Accepted medical use May lead to severe dependence Mophine, methodone, Ritalin, secobarbitral, codeine
C-III Less abuse potential-potential high dependence
Preparations containing limited amount of above substances
34 day limited supply
RX expires 6 months
written oral script
C-IV Low abuse
Physical/psychological dependence
Valium
C-V
May not require script
Meds for cough, diarrhea
Process for medication reconciliation (4)
1) Verify–obtain a comprehensive and current list of the patients meds. Be sure to ask about vitamins, herbal and nutritional supplements, OTC, insulin pens, transdermal patches, inhalers, and other meds that people do not typically consider meds
2) Clarify– make sure that the list if meds, dosages, and frequencies are accurate; clarify the list with as many people as necessary
3) Reconcile– compare new medication orders with current list; investigate any discrepancies with the patients health care provider
4) Transmit– communicate the updated and verified list to caregivers and the patient as appropriate. Teach pt to carry list of current meds and share with all health care members
Factors that influence that rate of absorption (5)
The administration route ability to dissolve blood flow to the admin site body surface area lipid solubility of medication
most biotransformation occurs where?
In the “Liver”, although the lungs kidneys, blood and intestines also play a role
What is the main organ for excretion?
Kidneys
-if patients have reduced renal function they are at risk for toxicity
Therapeutic effect
the intended or desired effect
When you compare the label of meds to the MAR
1) before removing the container from the supply drawer
2) as the Amount of med ordered is removed from the container
3) at the patients bedside before administering the meds to the patient
classification of drug
Ways to categorize medications
May indicate:
1) Effect of a drug on a body system~(action)
2) Symptoms that the drug relieves~(ex; edema)
3) Desired effect of the drug~ (diuresis~lowers B/P)
Pharmacokinetics (4 step)
1) Absorption
2) Distribution
3) Metabolism~ most metab/ in LIVER
4) Excretion
