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Antibiotics > Mechanisms of Action > Flashcards

Mechanisms of Action Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillins

A

Cell wall synthesis (cross linking peptidoglycan strands)

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2
Q

Cefalexin (Cephalosporins)

A

Cell wall synthesis (bind to PBPs) - use in cases of penicillin allergy

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3
Q

Vancomycin (Carbapenams)

A

Cell wall synthesis

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4
Q

Glycopeptides (vancomycin, -planins)

A

Cell wall synthesis (block peptidoglycan adding on)

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5
Q

Ciprofloxacin (Fluroquinolone)

A

DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II and IV)

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6
Q

Cefuroxime (Cephalosporins)

A

Cell wall synthesis (bind to PBPs) - penicillin allergy

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7
Q

Metronidazole

A

DNA synthesis - (selectively reduced by anaerobic bacteria)

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8
Q

Erythromicin (macrolide)

A

Inhibits 50S subunit assembly

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9
Q

Clarithromycin (macrolide)

A

Inhibits 50S subunit assembly

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10
Q

Gentamicin (Aminoglycosides)

A

Binds to 30S subunit - inability to recognise incorrect pairing, resulting in faulty protein sequences

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11
Q

Streptomycin (Aminoglycosides)

A

Binds to 30S subunit

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12
Q

Doxycycline (Tetracycline)

A

Binds to 30S subunit, preventing binding of tRNA

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13
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Inhibits folate synthesis (therefore DNA synthesis) - don’t give in pregnancy

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14
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Inhibits folate synthesis

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15
Q

Clotrimazole - Canestan

A

Inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis, essential for fungal cell membranes

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16
Q

Fluconazole (-azole)

A

Inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P450 dependant enzyme- converts lanosterol to ergosterol, essential for fungal cell membranes

17
Q

Nystatin

A

Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes causing pores to form, intracellular contents (K+) leak out

18
Q

Aciclovir

A

Terminates viral DNA formation

19
Q

Clindamycin (Lincosamide)

A

Binds to 50S subunit

20
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Binds to 50S subunit

Antibiotics (1 decks)

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