Mechanisms/Drug Classes Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of thymidylate synthase?
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase, which decreases cellular availability of dTMP and causing “thymineless” cell death
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
Inhibitor of thymidylate synthase
Capecitabine
Inhibitor of thymidylate synthase
Pemetrexed
Inhibitor of thymidylate synthase
What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of purine metabolism?
Drug metabolites inhibit IMPDH and other synthetic enzymes, interfering with AMP and GMP synthesis
6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)
Inhibitor of purine metabolism
azathiprine
Inhibitor of purine metabolism
Pentostatin
Inhibitor of purine metabolism
What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase?
Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, the enzyme that converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, which inhibits DNA synthesis
hydroxyurea
inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase
What it the mechanism of action of purine and pyrimidine analogues that are incorporated into DNA?
Incorporation into DNA and RNA results in inhibition of DNA polymerase, causing cell death
thioguanine
Guanine analogue
fludarabine phosphate
fluorinated purine nucleotide analogue
Cladribine
adenosine analogue
cytarabine (araC)
Cytidine analogue
5-Azacytidine
Cytidine analogue
decitabine
Cytidine analogue
gemcitabine
Fluorinated cytidine analogue
What is the mechanism of action of alkylating agents (agents that directly modify DNA structure)?
They covalently bind DNA, often cross-link to DNA or associated proteins
mechlorethamine
Alkylating agent
melphalan
Alkylating agent
estramustine
Alkylating agent
chlorambucil
Alkylating agent
mitomycin
Alkylating agent
thiotepa
Alkylating agent
carmustine
Alkylating agent
dacarbazine
Alkylating agent
procarbazine
Alkylating agent
temozolomide
Alkylating agent
ifosfamide
Alkylating agent
What is the mechanism of action of platinum compounds? (agents that directly modify DNA structure)
Cross-link intrastrand guanine bases
cisplatin
Platinum compound
carboplatin
Platinum compound
oxaliplatin
Platinum compound
What is the mechanism of action of bleomycin?
Binds oxygen and chelates Fe(II); binds DNA and leads to strand breaks via generation of oxidative intermediates
What is the mechanism of action of topoisomerase inhibitors?
Inhibition of topoisomerase I or II causes DNA strand break
irinotecan
Topoisomerase inhibitor
topotecan
Topoisomerase inhibitor
doxorubicin
Topoisomerase inhibitor
daunorubicin
Topoisomerase inhibitor
epirubicin
Topoisomerase inhibitor
etoposide
Topoisomerase inhibitor
teniposide
Topoisomerase inhibitor
amsacrine
Topoisomerase inhibitor
What is the mechanism of action of agents that inhibit microtubule polymerization?
Bind tubulin and prevent microtubule polymerization (esp. during M phase)
vinblastine
Inhibits microtubule polymerization
vincristine
Inhibits microtubule polymerization
eribulin
Inhibits microtubule polymerization
What is the mechanism of action of agents that inhibit microtubule depolarization?
Bind polymerized tubulin and inhibits microtubule depolymerization (esp. during M phase)
paclitaxel
Inhibits microtubule depolymerization
abraxane
Inhibits microtubule depolymerization
docetaxel
Inhibits microtubule depolymerization