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Pharmacology Chapter 38 > Mechanisms/Drug Classes > Flashcards

Mechanisms/Drug Classes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of thymidylate synthase?

A

Inhibition of thymidylate synthase, which decreases cellular availability of dTMP and causing “thymineless” cell death

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2
Q

Fluorouracil (5-FU)

A

Inhibitor of thymidylate synthase

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3
Q

Capecitabine

A

Inhibitor of thymidylate synthase

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4
Q

Pemetrexed

A

Inhibitor of thymidylate synthase

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of purine metabolism?

A

Drug metabolites inhibit IMPDH and other synthetic enzymes, interfering with AMP and GMP synthesis

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6
Q

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)

A

Inhibitor of purine metabolism

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7
Q

azathiprine

A

Inhibitor of purine metabolism

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8
Q

Pentostatin

A

Inhibitor of purine metabolism

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase?

A

Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, the enzyme that converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, which inhibits DNA synthesis

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10
Q

hydroxyurea

A

inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase

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11
Q

What it the mechanism of action of purine and pyrimidine analogues that are incorporated into DNA?

A

Incorporation into DNA and RNA results in inhibition of DNA polymerase, causing cell death

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12
Q

thioguanine

A

Guanine analogue

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13
Q

fludarabine phosphate

A

fluorinated purine nucleotide analogue

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14
Q

Cladribine

A

adenosine analogue

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15
Q

cytarabine (araC)

A

Cytidine analogue

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16
Q

5-Azacytidine

A

Cytidine analogue

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17
Q

decitabine

A

Cytidine analogue

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18
Q

gemcitabine

A

Fluorinated cytidine analogue

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19
Q

What is the mechanism of action of alkylating agents (agents that directly modify DNA structure)?

A

They covalently bind DNA, often cross-link to DNA or associated proteins

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20
Q

mechlorethamine

A

Alkylating agent

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21
Q

melphalan

A

Alkylating agent

22
Q

estramustine

A

Alkylating agent

23
Q

chlorambucil

A

Alkylating agent

24
Q

mitomycin

A

Alkylating agent

25
Q

thiotepa

A

Alkylating agent

26
Q

carmustine

A

Alkylating agent

27
Q

dacarbazine

A

Alkylating agent

28
Q

procarbazine

A

Alkylating agent

29
Q

temozolomide

A

Alkylating agent

30
Q

ifosfamide

A

Alkylating agent

31
Q

What is the mechanism of action of platinum compounds? (agents that directly modify DNA structure)

A

Cross-link intrastrand guanine bases

32
Q

cisplatin

A

Platinum compound

33
Q

carboplatin

A

Platinum compound

34
Q

oxaliplatin

A

Platinum compound

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of bleomycin?

A

Binds oxygen and chelates Fe(II); binds DNA and leads to strand breaks via generation of oxidative intermediates

36
Q

What is the mechanism of action of topoisomerase inhibitors?

A

Inhibition of topoisomerase I or II causes DNA strand break

37
Q

irinotecan

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

38
Q

topotecan

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

39
Q

doxorubicin

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

40
Q

daunorubicin

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

41
Q

epirubicin

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

42
Q

etoposide

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

43
Q

teniposide

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

44
Q

amsacrine

A

Topoisomerase inhibitor

45
Q

What is the mechanism of action of agents that inhibit microtubule polymerization?

A

Bind tubulin and prevent microtubule polymerization (esp. during M phase)

46
Q

vinblastine

A

Inhibits microtubule polymerization

47
Q

vincristine

A

Inhibits microtubule polymerization

48
Q

eribulin

A

Inhibits microtubule polymerization

49
Q

What is the mechanism of action of agents that inhibit microtubule depolarization?

A

Bind polymerized tubulin and inhibits microtubule depolymerization (esp. during M phase)

50
Q

paclitaxel

A

Inhibits microtubule depolymerization

51
Q

abraxane

A

Inhibits microtubule depolymerization

52
Q

docetaxel

A

Inhibits microtubule depolymerization

Pharmacology Chapter 38 (1 decks)

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