Mechanisms/Drug Class

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of hemicholinum-3?

Answer 1

Blocks the high-affinity transporter for choline and thereby prevents the uptake of choline required for ACh synthesis

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of vesamicol?

Answer 2

Blocks the ACh-H+ anti porter that is used to transport ACh into vesicles

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin?

Answer 3

Produced by Clostridium botulinum, degrades synaptobrevin and thus prevents synaptic vesicle fusion with the axon terminal (presynaptic) membrane

Question 4

What is the mechanism of action of the inhibitors of acetylcholine degradation?

Answer 4

Inhibit acetylcholinesterase by binding to the enzymes active site; this increases the conc. of endogenously released ACh in the synaptic cleft; accumulated ACh activates nearby receptors

Question 5

edrophonium

Answer 5

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 6

neostigmine

Answer 6

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 7

pyridostigmine

Answer 7

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 8

ambenoium

Answer 8

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 9

physostigmine

Answer 9

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 10

diisopropyl fluorophosphate

Answer 10

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 11

tacrine

Answer 11

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 12

donepezil

Answer 12

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 13

rivastigmine

Answer 13

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 14

galantamine

Answer 14

Inhibitor of acetylcholine degradation

Question 15

methacholine

Answer 15

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Question 16

carbachol

Answer 16

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Question 17

bethanechol

Answer 17

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Question 18

cevimeline

Answer 18

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Question 19

pilocarpine

Answer 19

Muscarinic receptor agonist

Question 20

What is the mechanism of action of nicotinic receptor agonists?

Answer 20

Stimulate opening of nicotinic ACh receptor channel and produce depolarization of the cell membrane; succinylcholine persists at the neuroeffector junction and activates the nicotinic receptor channels continuously, which results inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels so that they cannot open to support further action potentials (“depolarizing blockade”)

Question 21

atropine

Answer 21

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 22

scopolamine

Answer 22

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 23

pirenzepine

Answer 23

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 24

methscopolamine

Answer 24

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 25

glycopyrrolate

Answer 25

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 26

ipratropium

Answer 26

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 27

tiotropium

Answer 27

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 28

oxybutynin

Answer 28

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 29

propantheline

Answer 29

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 30

terodiline

Answer 30

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 31

tolterodine

Answer 31

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 32

fesoterodine

Answer 32

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 33

trospium

Answer 33

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 34

darifenacin

Answer 34

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 35

solifenacin

Answer 35

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Question 36

What is the mechanism of action of nicotinic receptor antagonists?

Answer 36

Selectively antagonize nicotinic receptors, thus preventing endogenous ACh binding and subsequent muscle cell depolarization (“nondepolarizing blockade”)

Question 37

pancuronium

Answer 37

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Question 38

tubocurarine

Answer 38

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Question 39

vecuronium

Answer 39

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Question 40

rocuronium

Answer 40

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Question 41

mivacurium

Answer 41

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Question 42

trimethaphan

Answer 42

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

Question 43

mecamylamine

Answer 43

Nicotinic receptor antagonist