Mechanisms

Question 1

Elimination reaction

Answer 1

One reactant breaks down to produce a new substance and a small molecule

Question 2

Substitution reaction

Answer 2

One atom or group of atoms are replaced by another atom or group of atoms

Question 3

Hydrolysis

Answer 3

When a molecule is broken down by the addition of water

Question 4

Polymerisation

Answer 4

Occurs when many identical small molecules join to form a long chain

Question 5

Homolytic bond breaking

Answer 5

When each atom involved in the bond keeps one of the shared electron pair in the bond that breaks (forms two molecules each with an unpaired electron)

Question 6

Heterolytic bond breaking

Answer 6

When both of the electrons in the bond are kept by one of the atoms involved (forming a positive and a negative ion)

Question 7

Nuclei pile

Answer 7

ELECTRON DONOR

Seeks out positive centres ( has lone pair which it donates to form a new covalent bond)

Question 8

Electrophile

Answer 8

ELECTRON ACCEPTOR
seeks out negative centres
Accepts lone pairs

Question 9

Free radical

Answer 9

An atom/molecule with an unpaired electron

Question 10

Polar bonds always break…

Answer 10

HETEROLYTICALLY

Question 11

Addition Reaction

Answer 11

Two or more substances react to form one product