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Year 13 A levels > Mechanisms > Flashcards

Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

Haloalkane -> nitrile

A

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUITION
reagent: KCN,
conditions: water & ethanol

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2
Q

Haloalkane ->amine

A

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUITION
reagent: excess NH3
conditions: ethanol, heat, pressure

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3
Q

Haloalkane -> alcohol

A

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUITION
reagent: NaOH
conditions:aqueous, heat under reflux

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4
Q

Haloalkane ->alkene

A

ELIMINATION
reagent: KOH
conditions: ethanol, reflux

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5
Q

Alkane -> haloalkane

A

FREE RADICAL SUBSTITUTION
reagent: Br2/Cl2
conditions: UV light

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6
Q

Alkene ->haloalkane

A

ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION
reagent: HBr, HCl Br2 Cl2

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7
Q

Nitrile -> amine

A

REDUCTION
reagent: H2
conditions: Ni catalyst

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8
Q

Alcohol -> alkene

A

ELIMINATION
reagent: dehydration
conditions: hot concentrated H2SO4

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9
Q

Alcohol -> carboxylic acid

A

primary alcohol only
OXIDATION
reagent: K2Cr2O7, H2SO4
conditions: reflux, excess oxidising agent

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10
Q

Alcohol -> aldehyde

A

primary alcohol only
OXIDATION
reagent: K2Cr2O7, H2SO4
conditions: distillation

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11
Q

aldehyde -> carboxylic acid

A

OXIDATION
reagent: K2Cr2O7, H2SO4
conditions: reflux

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12
Q

alkene -> alcohol
2

A

DIRECT HYDRATION
reagent: steam
conditions: concentrated H3PO4

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13
Q

alkene -> alcohol
1

A

ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION
reagent: H2SO4
-> alkyl hydrogen sulphate
+H2O

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14
Q

Alcohol -> ketone
Eg. propanol

A

secondary alcohol only
OXIDATION
reagent: K2Cr2O7 H2SO4
condition: reflux or distilation
Eg. Propanone

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15
Q

Alcohol -> Glucose

A

yeast
NO oxygen
35°C

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Year 13 A levels (3 decks)

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