Mechanism of Disease

Question 1

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

most common arterial pathology

Answer 1

thickening, hardening, loss of elasticity of the artery walls

Question 2

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

changes occur in

Answer 2

intima and media layer of the vessels

Question 3

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

major risk factors

Answer 3

• smoking
• hyperlipidemia
• family hx

Question 4

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

less important factors

Answer 4

• htn
• diabetes
• sedentary lifestyle
• arterial wall shear/stress

Question 5

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

most common sites

Answer 5

• carotid bif
• ao-iliac
• CFA bif
• SFA-distal

Question 6

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

ex: leriche syndrome caused by

Answer 6

obstruction of the ao

occurs in males

Question 7

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

ex: leriche syndrome characterized by

Answer 7

• fatigue in hips
• thighs or calves with exercise
• impotence
• often times, pallor and coldness of LE

Question 8

Embolism

obstruction of vessel by

Answer 8

foreign substance or blood clot

Question 9

emobli may by

Answer 9

solid, liquid or gaseous

Question 10

embolism

most frequent cause

Answer 10

small plaque breaks loose travels distally until it lodges in smallest vessels

Question 11

embolism

ex:

Answer 11

blue toe syndrome (trash foot)

Question 12

emoblism

toe ischemia results

Answer 12

often improve because of collateralized branches

Question 13

Aneurysm

true aneurysm is dilatation of

Answer 13

all three arterial wall layers

Question 14

Aneurysm

fusiform

Answer 14

diffuse, circumferential dilatation

Question 15

Aneurysm

saccular

Answer 15

localized sac like

Question 16

Aneurysm

dissecting happens when a

Answer 16

small tear of the inner wall allows blood to form cavity between two wall layers

*often occurs in thoracic ao

Question 17

Aneurysm

pseudeoaneurysm results from

Answer 17

defect in main wall

Question 18

Aneurysm

pseudoaneurysm must have a

Answer 18

communication from main a to pulsatile structure outside vessel walls

Question 19

Aneurysm

most common location of a true aneurysm is

Answer 19

infrarenal ao

Question 20

Aneurysm

other locations of true

Answer 20

thoracic ao, fem, pop, renal

Question 21

Aneurysm

pt with one has higher incidence of

Answer 21

2

Question 22

Aneurysm

more often of the

Answer 22

CFA or pop

Question 23

Aneurysm

most frequent complication

Answer 23

rupture of ao aneurysm; emolization of the peripheral aneurysm

Question 24

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

can affect

Answer 24

tib, peroneal a or smaller more distal arterioles

Question 25

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis inflammation of a. wall can lead to

Answer 25

thrombosis

Question 26

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis type

Answer 26

buerger disease thromboangitits obilterans

Question 27

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis occurs primarily in mean

Question 28

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis pt present with

Answer 28

occulsion of distal a.

Question 29

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis rest pain and ischemic ulceration are

Answer 29

present

Question 30

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: coarctation of the ao one of several congenital anomalies of

Answer 30

arterial system

Question 31

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: coarctation of the ao congenital stricture of thoracic ao but could affect

Answer 31

abd ao

Question 32

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: coarctation of the ao clinical findings

Answer 32

- htn due to decreased kidney perfusion | - symptoms of LE ischemia, reduced pulse

Question 33

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection can affect

Answer 33

ao/peripheral a

Question 34

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection thin membrane divides

Answer 34

a lumen into two compartments

Question 35

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection intima develops tear through which

Answer 35

blood leaks into media (false lumen)

Question 36

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection flow velocities differ

Answer 36

in each lumen

Question 37

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection ao dissection can extend to

Answer 37

iliacs

Question 38

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection cause could be due to

Answer 38

htn, severe chest trauma or be spontaneous

Question 39

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection complications

Answer 39

stenosis, occulsion or thrombosis

Question 40

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection can death due from rupture of an ao dissection

Answer 40

yes