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Ch 3: Arterial Testing > Mechanism of Disease > Flashcards

Mechanism of Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

most common arterial pathology

A

thickening, hardening, loss of elasticity of the artery walls

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2
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

changes occur in

A

intima and media layer of the vessels

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3
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

major risk factors

A
  • smoking
  • hyperlipidemia
  • family hx
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4
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

less important factors

A
  • htn
  • diabetes
  • sedentary lifestyle
  • arterial wall shear/stress
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5
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

most common sites

A
  • carotid bif
  • ao-iliac
  • CFA bif
  • SFA-distal
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6
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

ex: leriche syndrome caused by

A

obstruction of the ao

occurs in males

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7
Q

Athersclerosis (obliterans)

ex: leriche syndrome characterized by

A
  • fatigue in hips
  • thighs or calves with exercise
  • impotence
  • often times, pallor and coldness of LE
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8
Q

Embolism

obstruction of vessel by

A

foreign substance or blood clot

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9
Q

emobli may by

A

solid, liquid or gaseous

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10
Q

embolism

most frequent cause

A

small plaque breaks loose travels distally until it lodges in smallest vessels

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11
Q

embolism

ex:

A

blue toe syndrome (trash foot)

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12
Q

emoblism

toe ischemia results

A

often improve because of collateralized branches

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13
Q

Aneurysm

true aneurysm is dilatation of

A

all three arterial wall layers

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14
Q

Aneurysm

fusiform

A

diffuse, circumferential dilatation

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15
Q

Aneurysm

saccular

A

localized sac like

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16
Q

Aneurysm

dissecting happens when a

A

small tear of the inner wall allows blood to form cavity between two wall layers

*often occurs in thoracic ao

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17
Q

Aneurysm

pseudeoaneurysm results from

A

defect in main wall

18
Q

Aneurysm

pseudoaneurysm must have a

A

communication from main a to pulsatile structure outside vessel walls

19
Q

Aneurysm

most common location of a true aneurysm is

A

infrarenal ao

20
Q

Aneurysm

other locations of true

A

thoracic ao, fem, pop, renal

21
Q

Aneurysm

pt with one has higher incidence of

A

2

22
Q

Aneurysm

more often of the

A

CFA or pop

23
Q

Aneurysm

most frequent complication

A

rupture of ao aneurysm; emolization of the peripheral aneurysm

24
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

can affect

A

tib, peroneal a or smaller more distal arterioles

25
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

inflammation of a. wall can lead to

A

thrombosis

26
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

type

A

buerger disease

thromboangitits obilterans

27
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

occurs primarily in mean

A
28
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

pt present with

A

occulsion of distal a.

29
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: arteritis

rest pain and ischemic ulceration are

A

present

30
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: coarctation of the ao

one of several congenital anomalies of

A

arterial system

31
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: coarctation of the ao

congenital stricture of thoracic ao but could affect

A

abd ao

32
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: coarctation of the ao

clinical findings

A
  • htn due to decreased kidney perfusion

- symptoms of LE ischemia, reduced pulse

33
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

can affect

A

ao/peripheral a

34
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

thin membrane divides

A

a lumen into two compartments

35
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

intima develops tear through which

A

blood leaks into media (false lumen)

36
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

flow velocities differ

A

in each lumen

37
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

ao dissection can extend to

A

iliacs

38
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

cause could be due to

A

htn, severe chest trauma or be spontaneous

39
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

complications

A

stenosis, occulsion or thrombosis

40
Q

Non-atherosclerositc lesions: dissection

can death due from rupture of an ao dissection

A

yes

Ch 3: Arterial Testing (6 decks)

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