Mechanics & Materials P1 Flashcards
What is true for an inelastic collision between two isolated objects?
Only the total momentum is conserved the total kinetic energy is not.
What does the area under a Force-Time graph represent?
Change in momentum.
What is true for an elastic collision between two isolated objects?
The total momentum and the total kinetic energy are conserved.
What type of collision occurs if the two objects continue moving together after colliding?
Inelastic
What is a restoring force?
A force that restores an object back to equilibrium.
What are the two conditions for SHM?
Acceleration is always in the opposite direction to the displacement from equilibrium.
Acceleration is proportional to displacement. (a ∝ -x)
What is the phase difference between displacement and velocity?
π/2
What is the phase difference between displacement and acceleration?
π
What must be considered when calculating displacement and restoring force in vertical systems?
The displacement from equilibrium is not equal to the extension of the spring.
The restoring force is the resultant of tension and weight.
What is the kinetic energy and potential energy at 0 displacement in any SHM system?
Kinetic energy is at its maximum and potential energy is at its minimum.
How do you find the total energy of a SMH system?
Total - 1/2 k(A^2)
Kineitc - 1/2 k(A^2 - x^2)
Potential - 1/2 k(x^2)
What is critical damping?
When an object returns to equilibrium as quickly as possible without oscillating.
What is heavy damping?
Where an object returns to equilibrium slowly.
What is light damping?
Where the amplitude decreases by the same factor with each oscillation but the time period remains constant.
What is a free oscillation?
When a SHM system is displaced and oscillates naturally under a restoring force.
Occur at a constant natural frequency.
