Mechanics Flashcards
Simple Harmonic Motion
it’s acceleration is directly propotrional to its distance from a fixed point on its path.
its acceleration is always directed towards that path
Angular Velocity
the rate of change of angle per unit time
Archimedes Principle
states that when an object is partially or completely immersed in a fluid, it experiences an upthrust equal in magnitude to the weight of the flood displaced.
Boyle’s Law
states that at a constant temperature the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure
Centripetal Acceleration
is acceleration a body has towards the centre of the circular path its moving on
Couple
two parallel forces with the same magnitude acting in opposite directions
Centripetal Force
the force acting towards the centre for a body moving in a circular path
Density
Mass/volume
Distance
measure of the seperation between two points
Displacement
The Seperation between two point in a given direction
energy
the ability to do work
Acceleration
the rate of change of velocity with respect to time
Force
That which changes or tends to change the velocity of an object
Formula for Gravitational Potential energy
Ep=mgh
Formula for Kinetic Energy
Ek= 1/2mv2
Friction
a force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact
Hooke’s Law
states that the extension of an elastic body is directly proportional to the force producing the extension
Kinetic Energy
The energy a body has due to its motion
Law of Floatation
states that the weight of a floating body is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces
Lever
Any rigidd body that is free to rotate about a fixed point calledf a fulcrum
Moment
Force x perpendicular distance
Momentum
the product of mass and velocity of a body
Newton’s first law of motion
states that every object will remain in a state of rest or travelling with a constant velocity unless an unbalanced external force acts on it
Newton’s third law of motion
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
states that the force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
Newtons Second Law of Motion
The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place in the same direction in which the force acts
Period of an orbit
the time taken for a satellite to go once around the central body
Potential Energy
the stored energy a body has due to its position or state
Power
the rate at which work is done or energy is converted
Pressure
Force/ Area unless its a liquid it = pgh (density)(gravity)(depth)
principle of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only be converted from one form to another
Principle of conservation of momentum
in any close system of colliding bodies, the total momentum remains constant.
Proof: F=MA is a special case of Newton’s 2nd Law
Renewable source of Energy
One that will nopt be exhausted e.g wind,solar and tidal.
Scalar
only has magnitude
Speed
distance/time
The Centre of Gravity
of an object is the point through which the weight of the object appears to act
The efficency of a machine
the energy output as a percentage of energy input
Torque (moment of a couple)
The magnitude of one force multiplied by the perpendicular distance between them
Vector
has magnitude and direction
Weight
the force with which a mass is attracted to a planet
Work
is done when a force causes a body top be displaced.
(W=Fd)
