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physics > Mechanics > Flashcards

Mechanics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between a scalar and a vector

A

Scalar - Magnitude
Vector - Magnitude & Direction

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2
Q

Give examples of 3 scalars & vectors

A

S - Time/Temperature/Mass
V - Velocity/Acceleration/Force

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3
Q

Define resultant force

A

A singular force that represents the effects of all the other forces acting on a body

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4
Q

Definition of a moment

A

The moment of a force is the force applied multiplied by the perpendicular distance to the pivot

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5
Q

What is the equilibrium of a moment

A

Forces acting upwards are equal to the forces acting downwards

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6
Q

What is the force through a pivot

A

Zero

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7
Q

What is the principle of moments

A

The sum of anti clockwise moments is equal to the sum of clockwise moments

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8
Q

What is a couple

A

A pair of coplanar forces of equal size that causes a turning effect when there is no resultant forces

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9
Q

What is the formula for a couple

A

Distance between the two forces multiplied by a singular force

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10
Q

Why is weight not a factor in suvat

A

F = mg F = ma ma = mg Mass cancels out

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11
Q

How do we find centre of mass

A

A bob hanging from a string hung and an object hanging at the same point, the bob will pass through the centre of mass. Rotate object

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12
Q

What is meant by centre of mass

A

The point where mass acts from (centre)

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13
Q

How do we find velocity of a curved displacement time graph

A

Draw a tangent at a point and find the gradient of tangent

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14
Q

What shows displacement in a velocity time graph

A

Area underneath

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15
Q

What does the area under an acceleration time graph represents

A

Change in velocity

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16
Q

Explain a acceleration time graph

A

Above x axis - Acceleration
On x axis - No acceleration
Below x axis - Deceleration

17
Q

List all suvat equations

A

S = ut+1/2at^2
S = 1/2(u+v)t
S= vt-1/2at^2
V = u+at
V^2=U^2+2as

18
Q

Explain fundamentals of projectile motion

A

X axis uses S = D/t - y axis uses SUVAT
Vertical & Horizontal velocity split into components using trigonometry
No acceleration on x axis
Time is the same over both
Acceleration in y is 9.81 (g)

19
Q

Assumptions when using SUVAt

A

No air resistance
Object is a particle

20
Q

Newtons 1st law

A

A resultant force is needed to change velocity

21
Q

Newtons 2nd law

A

F = MA If there is a resultant force, there is an acceleration (acceleration is proportional to force)

22
Q

Newtons 3rd law

A

If an object A exerts a force on object B, the object B exerts and equal but opposite force on object A

23
Q

What is meant by free fall

A

Only acting downwards force is the weight force

24
Q

How do we test for gravity (practical)

A

Diagram: Magnet Ball Height
Method: Measure height, drop ball and time until it hits the bottom, repeat with different heights, draw graph of heigh against time squared, line of best fit, gradient = g

25
Q

Define friction and its equation

A

A force that opposes motion (F = UR) 1 = Most friction 0 = No friction

26
Q

What is lift and where does it act

A

An upwards face which acts perpendicular to the fluid flow

27
Q

What is terminal speed

A

When friction/drag is equal to the driving/weight force

28
Q

In an elastic collision what is conserved

A

Momentum & KE

29
Q

In an inelastic collision what is conserved

A

Momentum & some KE

30
Q

What is impulse

A

Rate of change of momentum

31
Q

What is shown by the area under a force time graph

A

Momentum

32
Q

How does a car reduce the force in a crash

A

Seatbelts - Reduce force on chest
Crumple zones - increases impact time
Air bags - stop person from hitting hard surfaces

33
Q

Rule of KE & GPE

A

Gain in KE = loss in GPE
Gain in GPE = loss in KE

34
Q

Name the 8 energy stores

A

Magnetic
Kinetic
Chemical
Thermal (internal)
Electrostatic
Elastic potential
Gravitational potential
Nuclear

35
Q

Equation for work

A

Work = Force x Distance

36
Q

What is meant by the area under a force displacement graph

A

Work done

physics (12 decks)

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