Mechanical Ventilation

Question 1

What are signs and symptoms of hypoxia

Answer 1

CEREBRAL- restlessness, anxiety, aggitation,headache, confusion
CARDIAC- tachycardia, dysrhythmias, hypotension, angina
PULMONARY- hypoventilation,dyspnea, yawning, cyanosis ( late sign)
RENAL- decreased urine output

Question 2

Hypoxia

Answer 2

Inadequate amount of oxygen in the tissues

Question 3

Hypoxemia

Answer 3

Inadequate amount of oxygen in the blood.

PAO2 less than 80

Question 4

Hypercapnia

Answer 4

Excessive amount of CO2 in the blood

Question 5

FO2Hg

Answer 5

Oxyhemoglobin

Question 6

FCOHg

Answer 6

Carboxyhemoglobin

Question 7

FMetHg

Answer 7

Metmoglobin ( damaged hgb)

Treatment is methylene blue

Question 8

What’s a common problem with leaks

Answer 8

Leaks in circuit are a common problem
The leak is measured and displayed, or should,never be above 30 lpm. A leak of zero means the mask is too tight!
It prevents face damage from occurring

Question 9

IPAP

Answer 9

Inspiratory positive airway pressure

Question 10

EPAP

Answer 10

Expiratory positive airway pressure

Question 11

Which pressure which always be higher, inspiratory or expiratory pressure

Answer 11

Inspiratory pressure

Question 12

What are indications for BIPAP/ CPAP

Answer 12

It's not just for sleep apnea anymore 
It's for acute exasperation of COPD
acute hypoxemic respiratory failure 
Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema
When intubation or CPR isn't allowed

Question 13

What is mechanical ventilation

Answer 13

A method of mechanically delivering air and oxygen to the lungs
You can also add Flolan or nitric oxide

Question 14

What’s the rationale for mechanical ventilation

Answer 14

Supports cardiopulmonary gas exchange 
Increases lung volume
Reduces work of breathing 
Reverses hypoxemia and acute respiratory acidosis
Relieves respiratory distress.