Mechanical Ventilation Flashcards
What are the 5 indications for mechanical ventilation?
- ventilatory failure (PaCO2 > 500 mmHg with acute resp. acidosis)
- oxygenation failure (PaO2 <60mmHg (despite supplemental O2)
- work of breathing high
- suppressed mental status
- shock (at times)
Modern mechanical ventilation uses _________ pressure to produce gas exchange.
positive
What is the most common conventional mode of mechanical ventilation?
- A/C (assist/control)
What is the most basic form of mechanical ventilation and why was it abandoned?
- intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)
- mode was abandoned d/t dyssynchrony
How does the A/C mode of ventilation work?
- if patient has inspiratory effort the ventilator delivers a full breath
- if patient has no inspiratory effort within set time interval ventilator delivers a full breath
What are the parameters we have to set for the ventilator settings?
- Mode
- Rate
- TV
- PEEP
- FiO2
The tidal volume is calculated based on what?
predicted body weight
need height and target breath volume/kg
FiO2 should be weaned to maintain an O2 sat of what?
> 88-94%
Oxygen toxicity with FiO2 can occur in what situation?
if exposed to high FiO2 (>50%) for prolonged period of time (>24-48h)
the endotracheal tube should terminate ____ cm above the carina
2-5 cm
Assessment for readiness to wean from MV is done with what test?
- spontaneous breathing trial via pressure support
The criteria for extubation from MV includes these 3 things.
- ability to breath on own
- ability to protect airway and manage secretions
- resolution of the problem that required intubation in the first place
In pressure control ventilation, volume achieved depends on what?
lung compliance
less volume if “stiff” lungs
In pressure support ventilation the patient determines what 3 things?
- RR
- inspiratory time
- flow
