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Mechanical Comprehension Flashcards > Mechanical Comprehension > Flashcards

Mechanical Comprehension Flashcards

1
Q

A lever pivots upon a(n)

A

Fulcrum

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2
Q

No machine is 100% proficient because all machines are affected by _.

A

Friction

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3
Q

The most likely place for a cable to snap is nearest the
Pulling device/the object being pulled

A

The pulling device

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4
Q

Aircraft are designed to be sleek to _ the effect of drag; parachutes are designed with large areas to _ the effect of drag

A

Minimize; maximize

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5
Q

Static friction only arises in response to an attempt to _.

A

Move an object along a surface

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6
Q

Why is an incline plane a good solution for a lifting task?

A

The force required will be less than the force required to lift the object directly

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7
Q

On horizontal surfaces, the normal force is usually equal to_.

A

The weight of the object

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8
Q

Liquids are effective at transmitting force because they are difficult to _.

A

Compress

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9
Q

In a hydraulic system, _ force is applied over a greater distance to produce a greater force over _ distance.

A

A smaller; a smaller

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10
Q

What does torque measure?

A

How much force is able to cause an object to rotate

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11
Q

Torque is directly proportional to _ and _.

A

Force; distance

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12
Q

What is the advantage of a pulley?

A

A pulley enables someone to lift an object while exerting downward, rather than upward force.

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13
Q

How is a gear ratio determined?

A

By comparing the number of teeth on the larger gear to the number of teeth on the smaller gear

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14
Q

What unit is used to express torque?

A

Either the newton-meter or the foot-pound

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15
Q

In a 3rd class lever, where is the fulcrum, and where is the force applied?

A

The fulcrum is positioned near one end of the lever, and an upward force is applied to the middle of the lever in order to lift an object positioned on the other end of the lever.

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16
Q

What unit is used to express kinetic or potential energy?

A

The joule, which represents kg*m^2/s^2

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17
Q

Torque is (directly/inversely) proportional to the distance from the center of rotation to the point where the force acts

A

Directly

18
Q

Fluid pressure is also know as

A

Hydraulic

19
Q

What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy

A

PE=mgh
M is mass in kg, g is acceleration (roughly 9.8m/s^2), and h is the height of the object in meters

20
Q

What is the formula for calculating friction

A

Ff=u x Fn,
Ff is force of friction, u is the coefficient of friction(static or kinetic), and Fn represents the normal force (the force a surface exerts when an object presses against it.

21
Q

In hydraulics, Pascal’s law states that _.

A

The pressure in any part of an enclosed fluid is the same and points in all directions.

22
Q

What is the formula for calculating pressure applied evenly to a surface?

A

P=F/A,
P is pressure expressed in pounds of force per square inch, F is force in pounds, and A represents area in square inches.

23
Q

What primarily determines the mechanical advantage of a block and tackle?

A

The number of pulleys.

24
Q

_ is the common term for the force that opposes movement through air or liquid.

A

Drag

25
Q

What does work-energy theorem say?

A

Any work done to move an object from resisting position to a certain velocity will be converted into kinetic energy.

26
Q

How would you increase the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle arrangement?

A

By increasing the diameter of the large wheel to that of a small wheel.

27
Q

When two surfacrs rub together, _ friction results.

A

Kinetic

28
Q

What is the formula for calculating torque?

A

t=rF,
t(tau) is torque, r represents the length of the lever arm of the object being turned, and F represents a force being applied perpendicularly.

29
Q

Define mechanical advantage

A

The advantage gained by using a mechanism to help transmit force

30
Q

In a wheel and axle arrangement, force is usually applied to the (larger/smaller) wheel in order to move the (larger/smaller)

A

Larger; smaller

31
Q

When to or more pulleys are arranged to work together, the resulting apparatus is called a _.

A

Block and tackle

32
Q

What are the two types of mechanical energy

A

Kinetic energy and potential energy

33
Q

Increasing the length of a wedge relative to its height _ the mechanical advantage provided by the wedge.

A

Increases

34
Q

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy

A

KE= 1/2 mv^2
M is made in kg, v is speed in meters per second

35
Q

_ friction prevents an object from moving unless overcome by a sufficiently large force.

A

Static

36
Q

In a first class lever, where is the fulcrum, and where is the force applied?

A

The fulcrum is positioned in the middle of the lever. Force is applied to one end of the lever to lift an object on the other end

37
Q

What is horsepower equal to

A

550 foot-pounds per second or 746 watss

38
Q

A pulley changes the _ but not the magnitude of a force.

A

Direct

39
Q

For any given surface, the coefficient of _ friction is higher than the coefficient of _ friction.

A

Static; kinetic

40
Q

How is the efficiency of a machine defined?

A

The efficiency of a machine is an expression of how much of the force inputted into the machine is turned into movement or force.

41
Q

A _ is a type of inclined plane that can be moved in order to gain mechanical advantage in lifting, splitting, or tightening objects.

A

Wedge

42
Q

_ is the term for the ability of a force to cause an object to rotate

A

Torque

Mechanical Comprehension Flashcards (2 decks)

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