Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mech 101 > Mech > Flashcards

Mech Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is low-carbon steel also known as?

A

Low-carbon steel is also known as mild steel.

< 0.2%C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some applications of low-carbon steel?

A

Low-carbon steel is commonly used for bolts, nuts, and sheet plates.

Example: bolts, nuts, and sheet plates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is medium-carbon steel?

A

Medium-carbon steel contains 0.2% ~ 0.6% carbon.

Machinery, automotive, and agricultural equipment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is high-carbon steel used for?

A

High-carbon steel, with > 0.60% carbon, is used for springs, cutlery, and cable.

Examples: springs, cutlery, cable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some common alloying elements in alloy steels?

A

Common alloying elements in alloy steels include chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, cobalt, boron, and copper.

Alloying elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an alloy?

A

An alloy is a combination of two or more metals, named based on metallic bonding character.

Metallic bonding character

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some applications of metals like iron and steel?

A

Metals like iron and steel are used in construction due to their strength and ability to withstand heavy weights.

Construction applications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are ceramics mainly composed of?

A

Ceramics are mainly oxides, nitrides, and carbides.

Main components of ceramics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some examples of non-metals?

A

Examples of non-metals include plastics, rubber, leathers, and asbestos.

Non-metal examples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are polymers mainly made up of?

A

Polymers have a chain molecule structure of carbon as backbone atoms, mainly made up of tough organic materials.

Main components of polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a composite material?

A

A composite material is the composition of two or more constituent materials with different properties to produce a characteristic material.

Definition of composite material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are fiber-reinforced composites?

A

Fiber-reinforced composites consist of discontinuous thin fibers of one material embedded in another.

Description of fiber-reinforced composites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are examples of composite materials?

A

concrete, fiber glass, CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), etc.

Composite Materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the characteristics of composite materials?

A

Nonuniform solid consisting of two or more different materials
Mechanically or metallurgically bonded
Each of the constituent materials maintains its identity
Properties depend on: Properties of individual components, Relative amounts, Size, shape, and distribution, Orientation, Degree of bonding

Composite Materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are fiber-reinforced composites?

A

Discontinuous thin fibers of one material are embedded in a matrix

Fiber-Reinforced Composites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some examples of fiber-reinforced composites?

A

Wood and bamboo, Bricks of straw and mud, Automobile tyres, Fibers of nylon, rayon, Kevlar, or steel to reinforce the rubber, Glass fibers, Ceramic fibers, metal wires, whiskers

Fiber-Reinforced Composites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the common objective of fiber-reinforced composites?

A

High strength and lightweight

Fiber-Reinforced Composites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some applications of composite materials?

A

CFRP and GFRP are used for automotive body parts, CRPF and honeycomb composites are used for chassis, Some fuel tanks are made up of Kevlar reinforced fiber, Reinforced thermosets are used in springs and bumper system, Fiberglass reinforced plastic has been used for boat hulls, fishing rods, tennis rackets, helmets, bows and arrows

Applications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a polymer?

A

Polymers have chain molecule structure of carbon as back bone atoms. They are mainly made up of tough organic materials.

20
Q

What are some characteristics of polymers?

A

Polymers are low density materials and also flexible. In some cases polymers are not flexible.

21
Q

How are polymers used in composite materials?

A

Polymers can be used as fiber and resins in the matrix of composite materials. Eg : polyester as fibers, phenolic and epoxides as resins.

22
Q

What are elastomers?

A

Elastomers are polymers designed for specific purposes like shock and vibration absorption.

23
Q

What are natural polymers?

A

Natural polymers include wool, silk, DNA, cellulose, proteins, etc.

24
Q

What are synthetic polymers?

A

Synthetic polymers include thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics. Eg: nylon, polyethylene, polyester, Teflon, epoxy, Bakelite, etc.

25
Q

What are composite materials?

A

Composite material is the composition of two or more constituent materials with different physical and chemical properties to produce a different characteristic material.

26
Q

What are the properties of composite materials?

A

Composite materials are nonuniform solids consisting of two or more different materials that are mechanically or metallurgically bonded. Each constituent material maintains its identity, and properties depend on various factors.

27
Q

What are fiber-reinforced composites?

A

Fiber-reinforced composites consist of discontinuous thin fibers of one material embedded in a matrix, aiming for high strength and lightweight properties.

28
Q

What are semiconductors?

A

Semiconductors are intermediate conducting materials with unique atomic structures that allow control of conductivity. Eg: silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, selenium, etc.

29
Q

What are biomaterials?

A

Biomaterials are non-viable materials used in various applications. Eg: alumina, zirconia, titanium, tantalum, niobium, carbon, etc.

30
Q

What are the mechanical properties of materials?

A

Mechanical properties describe the behavior of materials under external loads. Common mechanical properties include strength, stiffness, and elasticity.

31
Q

Shear strength

A

The ability of a material to resist transverse loads i.e. loads tending to separate (or cut) the material is called shear strength. It is applied parallel to the area of cross-section of material.

Example sentence: The shear strength of the concrete beam was tested by applying a force perpendicular to its surface.

32
Q

Stiffness

A

It is the ability of material to resist deformation or deflection under load. Within the elastic limit, stiffness is measured by the modulus of elasticity. The best example is spring constant.

Additional information: Stiffness is crucial in determining the structural integrity of buildings and bridges.

33
Q

Elasticity

A

The ability of a material to deform under load and return to its original shape when the load is removed is called elasticity.

Example sentence: Rubber bands exhibit high elasticity as they stretch and return to their original shape.

34
Q

Plasticity

A

The ability of a material to deform under load and retain its new shape when the load is removed is called plasticity.

Example sentence: Clay is a highly plastic material that can be molded into various shapes.

35
Q

Ductility

A

It is the ability of a material to be deformed plastically without rupture under tensile load. Due to this property material can drawn out into fine wire without fracture.

Additional information: Ductility is important in industries such as manufacturing of wires and cables.

36
Q

Malleability

A

It is the ability of a material to be deformed plastically without rupture under compressive load. Due to this property metals are hammered and rolled into thin sheets.

Example sentence: Gold is highly malleable and can be beaten into thin sheets known as gold leaf.

37
Q

Toughness

A

It describes a material’s resistance to fracture under impact loading. It is often expressed in terms of the amount of energy a material can absorb before fracture. Toughness is not a single property but rather a combination of strength and ductility. It is the area under stress-strain curve up to breaking point.

Example sentence: Steel is known for its toughness, making it suitable for applications requiring impact resistance.

38
Q

Brittleness

A

It is the property of sudden fracture without any visible permanent deformation.

Example sentence: Glass is a brittle material that breaks into sharp pieces when subjected to stress.

39
Q

Hardness

A

It is defined as the ability of a material to resist scratching or indentation by another hard body. Hardness is directly related to strength.

Additional information: Hardness is often measured using the Mohs scale for minerals.

40
Q

Creep

A

It is the progressive deformation of a material under a constant static load maintained for a long period of time. It is a slow, temperature-aided, time-dependent deformation.

Example sentence: Creep is a concern in high-temperature applications such as turbine blades.

41
Q

Fatigue

A

Failure of material under repeated or reversal stresses is called fatigue.

Example sentence: Fatigue failure in metal components can occur due to cyclic loading.

42
Q

Resilience

A

It is a property of material to absorb energy and to resist shock and impact loads. It is measured by the amount of energy absorbed per unit volume within the elastic limit. Also it is the area under stress-strain curve up to elastic limit.

Additional information: Resilience is important in designing materials for impact absorption.

43
Q

Machinability

A

The ease with which a given material may be worked or shaped with a cutting tool is called machinability. Machinability depends on chemical composition, structure and mechanical properties.

Example sentence: Aluminum alloys are known for their high machinability, making them popular in manufacturing.

44
Q

Weldability

A

It is the ability of material to be joined by welding. Weldability depends on chemical composition, physical properties and heat treatment to which they are subjected.

Example sentence: Stainless steel is valued for its excellent weldability in various applications.

45
Q

Castability

A

Castability of metal refer to the ease with which it can be cast into different shapes and is concerned with the behavior of metal in its molten state.

Additional information: Castability is an important consideration in foundry operations for producing complex metal parts.

Mech 101 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions