Meaures of Development

Question 1

How many main measures of development are there?

Answer 1

3

Question 2

What are the main measures of development?

Answer 2

1) Human development index (HDI)
2) Inequality adjusted human development index (IHDI)
3) Multi-dimensional poverty index (MPI)

Question 3

What is the HDI?

Answer 3

Human development index (HDI)- composite index of development
3 elements:
1) Education- mean years of schooling for adult aged 25 AND expected years of schooling for pre-school child
2) Health- life expectancy at birth 👶 🍼
3) Standard of living- real GNI per head at PPP (gross national income per person)

Question 4

What is the IHDI?

Answer 4

Published alongside HDI- takes into account distribution of human development
⬆️ inequality-> greater ⬇️ in human development scores than ⬆️ equal nations
… difference in HDI and IHDI represents ‘loss’ in human development due to inequality

Question 5

What is the MPI?

Answer 5

Multi-dimensional poverty index (MPI)- composed of 10 indicators corresponding to same 3 components as HDI (education, health and standard of living)
- made up of several factors that constitute poor people’s experience of deprivation e.g. poor health 🏥 , lack of education 📚, inadequate standard of living, threat of violence 🔪 etc

Question 6

What is the significance of the value found from the HDI?

Answer 6

Number between 0 and 1
⬆️ value = ⬆️ development
⬇️ value = ⬇️ development

Question 7

What is unique about MPI?

Answer 7

Global MPI combines 2 aspects of poverty:

1) Incidence- % of poor people
2) Intensity of people’s poverty

Question 8

What are other indicators of development?

Answer 8

1) Proportion of male 👨 population engaged in agriculture 🥕
2) Energy ⛽️ consumption per person
3) Proportion of population with access to clean 💦
4) 📱 per thousand of population
5) Proportion of population with internet access