Measuring lung volume Flashcards
- Identify resting values of Tidal Volume, Breathing Frequency and Minute Ventilation for a trained and untrained athlete. - Identify changes to Tidal Volume, Breathing Frequency and Minute Ventilation during exercise. - Interpret and draw graphs related to changes to Tidal Volume, Breathing Frequency and Minute Ventilation from rest to exercise. - Use data including calculations of Tidal Volume, Breathing Frequency and Minute Ventilation.
What 5 factors will determine the size of your lungs?
- Age - decreased elasticity as you get older
- Height = bigger lungs
- Sex = males have bigger lungs
- Health = affected by health issues such as asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis.
- Fitness/training - can improve strength of respiratory muscles through training.
What is tidal volume?
The volume of air inspired or expired per breath
Approximately 500ml during breathing at rest.
What’s the change of tidal volume during recovery?
- Tidal Volume drops as soon as exercise ends and there is initially a rapid decrease, followed by a more gradual decrease.
- Remains higher than resting levels during recovery until oxygen debt is repaid.
What is frequency?
Also known as ‘rate’. The number of breaths taken in one minute.
Approximately 12-15 breaths at rest per minute.
What is minute ventilation?
The volume of air inspired or expired per minute.
VE = TV x f
Why does minute ventilation stay elevated during recovery?
- More CO2 needs to be exhaled
- To repay oxygen debt (EPOC)
- Removal of Lactic Acid
- Replenish Myoglobin stores
What does EPOC stand for?
Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption
What is EPOC?
is a measurably increased rate of oxygen intake following strenuous activity.
How does lung volume change during exercise?
When we exercise, our breathing rate goes up to bring more oxygen into the body.
Both the speed of breathing (frequency) and how deeply we breathe (tidal volume) increase. This raises the total amount of air we breathe per minute, called ventilation (VE).
During moderate exercise (sub-maximal), both breathing speed and depth increase to meet the oxygen demand.
But during very hard (maximal) exercise, most of the increase in ventilation comes from breathing faster, rather than breathing deeper.
Tidal volume
Definition- Volume of air inhaled/exhaled per breath during rest.
Resting volume- 500 ml per breath
Change due to exercise- Increases up to around 3-4 litres per breath
Frequency
Definition- Number of breaths in one minute
Resting volume- 12-15 breaths per minute
Change due to exercise- Increases to 40-60 breaths per minute
Minute Ventilation
Definition- Volume of air inspired/expired in on minute
Resting volume- 6-7.5 l/min
Change due to exercise- Increases to up to 120 l/min in smaller individuals
Increases up to 180 l/min in larger individuals or aerobically trained athletes.
Draw the changes in tidal volume graph
Draw the changes in tidal volume graph
What is Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)?
The volume of air available that could be inspired after tidal volume.
What is Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)?
The volume of air available that could be expired after tidal volume.
What is Residual Volume (RV)?
The volume of air that is left in the lungs after total forced expiration.
What is Vital Capacity (VC)
The total volume of air that can be inspired and expired
What is Total Lung Capacity (TLC)?
The total volume of lungs at maximum inflation, calculated using the formula:
TLC= RV+VC
