Measuring Health Status Flashcards
Incidence
The number of new cases of a condition during a given period of time
Prevalence
‘The number of proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time’ (AIHW, 2008)
Morbidity
Refers to ill-health in an individual and the levels of ill-health in a population or group.
Burden of disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called DALY
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY)
A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
Years of life lost (YLL)
A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.
Years lost due to disability (YLD)
A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability.
Life Expectancy
‘An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.’
Health adjusted life years (HALE)
A measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rate of ill health and mortality.
Mortality
Refers to death, often at a population level
Maternal Mortality
death of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth or within six weeks of delivery
Maternal Mortality Ratio
the number of mothers who die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth per 100,000 live births
Infant Mortality
the death of a child between birth and their first birthday
Infant Mortality rate
the rate of death of infants between birth and their first birthday, usually expressed per 1000 live births
under 5 mortality
the death of a child under the age of 5
