Measures of location and spread (T2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a measure of location?

A

A single value which describes a position in a data set

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2
Q

What is a measure of central tendency?

A

The single value describes the centre of the data

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3
Q

How do you calculate the mode?

A

The most common number

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4
Q

How do you calculate the median?

A

The middle value

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5
Q

How do you calculate the mean?

A

Sum of all numbers/ amount of numbers

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6
Q

How do you calculate the mean in a given frequency table?

A

Sum of the frequencies

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7
Q

When is the mode used?

A

When data is qualitative or quantitative with either a single mode or two modes

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8
Q

What does bimodal mean?

A

When something has 2 modes

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9
Q

How useful is the mode?

A

Not very informative if each value only occurs once

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10
Q

When is the median used?

A

For quantitative data

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11
Q

How useful is the median?

A

It is used when there are extreme values - as they do not affect the median

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12
Q

When is the mean used?

A

Used for quantitative data & uses all the pieces of data

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13
Q

How useful is the mean?

A

It gives a true measure of the data

However it is affected by extreme values

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14
Q

How does the median split the data?

A

Into two equal (50%) halves

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15
Q

What else can be calculated with the median?

A

The location of quartiles and percentiles

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16
Q

Where is the lower quartile?

A

One-quarter of the way through the data set

17
Q

Where is the upper quartile?

A

Three-quarters of the way through the data set

18
Q

What are percentiles?

A

They split the data set into 100 parts

The 10th percentile lies one-tenth of the way through the data

19
Q

How do you find the lower quartile for discrete data?

A

Divide n by 4 and find the nearest whole number

20
Q

How do you find the upper quartile for discrete data?

A

Find 3/4 of n and find the nearest whole number

21
Q

What is interpolation?

A

You are assuming that the data values are evenly distributed within each class

22
Q

When is interpolation used?

A

When data is presented in a grouped frequency table interpolation is used to estimate the median, quartiles and percentiles

23
Q

For grouped continuous data, how do you calculate the lower quartile?

A

Q1 = n/4th data value

24
Q

For grouped continuous data, how do you calculate the median/Q2?

A

Q2 = n/2th data value

25
For grouped continuous data, how do you calculate the upper quartile?
Q3 = 3n/4th data value
26
What is a measure of spread?
A measure of how spread out the data
27
What are the two simple measures of spread?
- Range | - IQR
28
What is the range?
The difference between the largest & smallest values in the data set
29
What is the IQR?
The Interquartile Range The difference between the UQ and LQ
30
How useful is the range?
Takes into account all videos Can be affected by extreme values
31
How useful is the IQR?
Not affected by extreme values Only takes into account middle 50% of the data
32
What is the interceptile range?
The difference between the values for two given percentiles
33
What data is usually used in the interceptile range?
the 10th to the 90th interpercentile is often used since it is not affected by extreme values but still considers 80% of the data