Measures of Development

Question 1

HDI

Answer 1

Human Development Index
Human development is difficult to measure, but the HDI is a composite measure that is used.
HDI includes GDP per head (PPP), health (life expectancy at birth), and education (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling) - other measures could be HPI, GPI, access to clean water, internet, doctors.

Question 2

Happy Planet Index

Answer 2

An index of human well-being and environmental impact that was introduced by New Economics Foundation (NEF) in July 2016.
Happy Planet index also takes sustainability into account, which the HDI does not.

Question 3

The Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)

Answer 3

HDI with a fourth indicator - inequality

Question 4

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

Answer 4

Measures the percentage of the population that is multidimensionally poor. Like the HDI and IHDI, it uses data for health, education and the standard of living to provide an index number scoring. However, the MPI uses a broader range of indicators in each of these categories. In education, it uses years of schooling and attendance data; in health, it uses child mortality and nutrition data; in the standard of living, it uses availability of electricity, improved sanitation and safe drinking water to household,

Question 5

The Genuine Progress Indicator

Answer 5

The genuine progress indicator attempts to give a more comprehensive measure of economic development than indicators like the HDI or the MPI. It is calculated from 26 different indicators grouped into three main categories; economic, environmental and social.