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Critical Inquiry > measures > Flashcards

measures Flashcards

1
Q

What is an outcome?

A

– A measurable individual, family, or community state, behavior or perception that is measured along a continuum and is responsive to clinical interventions.

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2
Q

What is an outcome measure?

A

– A set of items that are used to create scores that are “intended to quantify a patient’s performance or health status based on standardized evaluation protocols or close ended questions

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3
Q

What is an independent variable

A

what is being changed or manipulated

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4
Q

What is a control?

A

there is no independent variable everything stays the same

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5
Q

What is a dependent variable?

A

what is being measured

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6
Q

What type of variable would be in an experimental group

A

the independent variable

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7
Q

Two of the same type of plants are placed in the same spot and given different amounts of water the growth is then tracked what is the independent variable

A

the water

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8
Q

Two of the same type of plants are placed in the same spot and given different amounts of water the growth is then tacked what are the controls

A

the type of plant, the amount of son etc.

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9
Q

Two of the same type of plants are placed in the same spot and given different amounts of water the growth is then tacked what is the dependent variable

A

the growth of the plant

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10
Q

What 3 things are needed for true experimental design?

A
  1. Random assignment
  2. 2 groups
    • Experimental group
    • Control group
  3. Manipulation - Cause &
    Effect with the independent variable
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11
Q

What is the process for and experimental design?

A
  1. Randomly assign subjects
  2. Test subjects - observed or
    pretested on a dependent measure
  3. Experimental variable
    (independent variable) for experimental group
  4. Control group – no
    independent variable
  5. Retest all subjects
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12
Q

What is Quasi Experimental Design

A

Ethics of randomization

    • No randomization
      1. Control Group
      2. Manipulation
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13
Q

Pre-Experimental Design is different from a true experiment because

A

Missing 2 of the 3 criteria for true

experiment

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14
Q

Pre-Experimental Design Outcomes describe

A

relationships (notcause/effect)

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15
Q

Pre-Experimental Commonly consists of:

A 
Case study (X O)
Pretest-posttest design  (OX    O)
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16
Q

Survey Designs Measure

A

characteristics of a population

Describe a population, explore relationships

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17
Q

Survey Designs benefits

A
  • Can typically get a large sample
  • Gather a lot of information quickly
  • Online, email, regular email
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18
Q

What is Meta-Analysis

A

Meta-Analysis A statistical technique in which the results of 2+ studies are mathematically combined to improve the reliability of the results.

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19
Q

What is the criteria for choosing studies?

A

-Studies chosen for inclusion must be sufficiently similar

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20
Q

What two things can a meta-analysis be used to identify

A
  1. Common effect
    • When the treatment effect (or effect size) is consistent from one study to the next, meta-analysis can be used to identify this
  2. Reason for the variation
    When the effect varies from one study to the next, meta-analysis may be used to identify the
21
Q

What are the 4 research Designs?

A

Designs

  • Nonexperiemental
  • Pre-experimental
  • Quasi-experimental
  • Experimental
22
Q

What is Systematic Review

A

provides a comprehensive review of all relevant studies on a particular clinical or health-related topic/question.
 studies included in systematic reviews may be of varying study designs, but should be studying the same
outcome.
 Is each study included in the review studying the same variables?

23
Q

How is a Systematic Review created

A

after reviewing and combining all information from designated timeframe and criteria and summarizing findings.

24
Q

In a Systematic reviews what can vary and what must be the same

A

may be of varying study designs,

but should be studying the same outcome.

25
Q

Qualitative Research is obtained through

A

Interviews, words, objects, and

observations

26
Q

In Qualitative ResearchKnowledge is interpreted and shaped

through

A

interaction between those involved in the research process

27
Q

Name 3 types of Qualitative Data

A
  1. In-depth interviews
  2. Direct observation
  3. Written documents
28
Q

Name the Qualitative Research Designs

A

Qualitative Research Designs

  • Phenomenological
  • Ethnography
  • Narrative
  • Grounded Theory
  • Participatory Action Research
  • Critical Theory
29
Q

Phenomenology Describe and

interprets

A

the meaning of a lived experience

30
Q

In Phenomenology research Meaning emerges from

A

from voices of participants

31
Q

What is Ethnography?

A

An “outsider” to the cultural scene seeks to obtain an “insider”
perspective

32
Q

How is Ethnography is distinguished from other methods

A

by a quest for naturally occurring events, insider’s viewpoint and values, and cultural patterns.

33
Q

Ethnography Embraces a wide range of approaches to:

A
  • Explore groups and people as they go about their everyday lives
  • Attempt to understand the underlying patterns of behavior and meanings of a culture
  • how people view the world.
  • Look at habitual patterns and ways of life - Observe and creating meaning in social relationships
34
Q

What is the role of the investigator in Ethnography?

A
  • Extended observation, immersion and participation in the culture
35
Q

Ethnography Reveals what?

A

Reveals complex relationships, patterns, and

theory

36
Q

Ethnography “Unit of analysis” can be

A

social, historical, cultural, political context of particular individuals or groups of individuals

37
Q

Narrative research Has the elements of

A

Has the elements of storytelling: - Beginning, - Middle, & - End

With a breach and moral element -
What is important? - What matters?

38
Q

Three features of narrative form:

A 
Three features of narrative form: 
1.Event-centered 
2.Experience-centered 
3.Narratives do not merely refer to past
experience but create experiences for their audience.  They mean to be provocative.  The teller usually has a point (moral tale).
39
Q

What is Grounded Theory

A

“the systematic discovery of theory from the data of social research.”

40
Q

What is the Purpose of Grounded Theory

A

to evolve a theory or “ground” a theory in the context where the phenomenon occurs

41
Q

Participatory Action Research Create the conditions that will

A

mobilize their energy, engage their enthusiasm, and generate activity that can be productively applied to the resolution of issues and problems that concern them.”

42
Q

What are 4 elements Participatory Research?

A
  • Action-oriented
  • Collaborative
  • Empowering
  • Grounded in experience
43
Q

Participatory Action Research: 3 steps are

A
  1. Look
    Gather info; observe
  2. Think
    Explore, analyze
  3. Act
    Plan, implement, evaluate
44
Q

Participatory Action Research: 4 Principles are

A
  • Democracy
  • Equity
  • Liberation
  • Life Enhancement
45
Q

What is another name for Participatory Action Research?

A

Community-based action research - seeks to engage people directly in formulating solutions to problems they confront in their community
and organizational lives.”

46
Q

Critical Theory purposes are?

A
  • Sociopolitical purpose
  • Seeks to understand human experience as a means to change society
  • Has an explicit agenda of eliminating power,
    economic and social inequalities
47
Q

In Critical Theory what is the Role of Researcher is

A

Use critical theories to understand an experience or issue

48
Q

Critical Theory asks what Types of Questions

A

Social justice
Disparity
Access

Critical Inquiry (1 decks)

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