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A level AQA physics > Measuremnt and errors > Flashcards

Measuremnt and errors Flashcards

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1
Q

what is discrete data?

A

data that takes whole values e.g. shoe size

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1
Q

what is continuous data?

A

Data that can take any value along a scale e.g. height

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2
Q

What is categoric Data?

A

data that can be sorted into groups
e.g. material type

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3
Q

what is ordered data?

A

data in groups and is also ordered e.g. low, fair , mild

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4
Q

what is direct proportion?

A

a relationship where the ratio of the two is a constant value

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5
Q

Describe a direct proportion graph.

A

start at the origin
has a constant gradient

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6
Q

equation for a straight line?

A

Y = MX+C

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7
Q

what is a non-linear relationship

A

a relationship that is no proportional as the ratio of the data is not constant.

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8
Q

equation for an inversely proportion?

A

Y=K/X or Y=K(1/X)

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9
Q

what is a random error ?

A

an error that causes the data to be spread unpredictably can be caused by human error

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10
Q

what is a systematic error?

A

an error that causes the data to be wrong by the same amount.

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11
Q

how to reduce uncertanity?

A

repeated then average and use correct equipment

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12
Q

how does using the correct equipment reduce uncertainty?

A

the uncertainty is half the resolution if the resolution of the instrument is too large the uncertainty will be a large percentage of the value.

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12
Q

why does repeating and averaging remove uncertainty

A

as it removes random errors by having lots of data that will average to close to the true value

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13
Q

what is a reading?

A

a method of data collection that only requires one judgment

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14
Q

what is a measurement?

A

method of data collection that requires two judgements.

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15
Q

how to find true value and uncertainty from a table or grpah?

A

find true value by finding the mean without anomalies.
find the uncertainty find the range and half it.

16
Q

what is absolute uncertainty?

A

absolute uncertainty is the uncertainty given as a fixed quantity.

17
Q

what fractional uncertainty ?

A

fractional uncertainty is uncertainty given as a fracton of the value

18
Q

what is percentage uncertainty?

A

the uncertainty given as a percentage of the value?

19
Q

what happens to uncertainty when the values are added or subtracted?

A

the absolute uncertainties are added

20
Q

what happens to the uncertainty when the values are multiplied or divided?

A

the percentage uncertainties are added.

21
Q

what happens to the uncertainties when the value is raised to a power?

A

the percentage uncertainties are multiplied.

22
Q

how do you find the uncertainties of a gradient.

A

plot the best-fit line then from the error bars of the last point plot the steepest and shallowest and the gradient is the difference between the best fit and steepest or shallowest graph.

23
Q

what are precise results?

A

results that are all close to the mean

24
Q

what are repeatable results?

A

results that can be remade by you

25
Q

what are reproducible results?

A

results that can be remade by another person

26
Q

what are valid results ?

A

result that arise from a propper producer and where all but one variable has been controlled

27
Q

what are accurate results?

A

results that are close to the true value.

28
Q

define SI units?

A

the base units agreed upon between all scientist

29
Q

what are all the SI units?

A

meter
second
kilogram
ampere
kelvin
mole
candela

30
Q

what is peta?

A

x10^15

31
Q

what is tera?

A

x10^12

32
Q

what is giga?

A

x10^9

33
Q

what is mega?

A

x10^6

34
Q

what is kilo?

A

x10^3

35
Q

what is mili?

A

x10^-3

36
Q

what is micro?

A

x10^-6

37
Q

what is pico?

A

x10^-12

38
Q

what is femto?

A

x10^-15

39
Q

symbol for micro?

A

µ

A level AQA physics (2 decks)

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