Measurements Of Blood Pressure

Question 1

Arterial blood pressure is dependent on what 2 things?

Answer 1

1) cardiac output (amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute)
2) peripheral resistance (resistance to blood flow through the arterioles)

Question 2

What device is used to measure arteriole blood pressure?

Answer 2

Sphygmomanometer

Question 3

What are the sounds of Korotkoff?

Answer 3

• when measuring arteriole blood pressure
  
  • as the pressure in the bag gradually drops to levels between systolic and diastolic pressures of the artery, blood is pushed through the partially compressed walls of the artery , creating turbulent flow.
  • Under these conditions, the layers of blood are mixed by eddies that flow at right angles to the axial stream, and the turbulence. Sets up vibrations in the artery heard as sounds in the stethoscope

Question 4

How is systolic pressure found using the sphygmonameter?

Answer 4

-cuff pressure at which the first sound is heard

Question 5

How is diastolic pressure found using the sphygmonameter?

Answer 5

-the cuff pressure at which the sound becomes muffled and the pressure at which the sound disappears

Question 6

How is pulse pressure calculated?

Answer 6

Difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure

Systolic P. - diastolic P. = pulse pressure

Question 7

How is mean arterial pressure calculated?

Answer 7

• Diastolic pressure + 1/3 of the pulse pressure

Question 8

A normal blood pressure measurement for a given individual depends on what characteristics?

Answer 8

• age
• sex
• heredity
• environment

Question 9

Elevated blood pressure indicates what condition? (Types?)

What are the major risks?

Answer 9

• hypertension
  
  • primary (95%)
    
    • benign, malignant
  • secondary
• can lead to heart disease and stroke