Measurement Methods And Exposure Assement

Question 1

Compliance monitoring

Answer 1

Regional councils have legal obligations to manage the air. Monitors track long-term trends in concentrations. Monitors have limitations as they can’t show spatial variability.

Question 2

Non-automatic methods (diffusion tubes)

Answer 2

Low cost allows sampling at a number of points ($10), not, soz, Oz and vocs are most common. Give a general indication of levels over several weeks only. Useful for highlighting hotspots. Con get ugh spatial resolution maps of the distribution of air pollution concentration. Very low temporal resolution (2- 3 weeks). Reliable. Deployed in pairs.

Question 3

What variables may you include when modelling the impact of urban design features on air pollution concentration?

Answer 3

Number of lanes, number of bustops, bus lane, vegetation, building footprint traffic intensity, awnings, distance towards traffic lights.

Question 4

Types of monitoring

Answer 4

Compliance monitoring, deposition monitoring, low cost air pollution sensors eg. Purple air pa-11

Question 5

Mobile air quality monitoring equipment

Answer 5

Portable monitors give opportunity for field studies looking at individual air pollution exposure that von complement fixed site measurements. Pollution charges though space that you walk though. Examples of equipment is Pam monitor, BC AESI monitor, Dyson portable monitor, Logan Co mantis, p-trak ultrafine (good for road traffic)

Question 6

Concentration

Answer 6

A quantitative measure of how much pollutant there is in the air in any given location at any specific period of time.

Question 7

Exposure

Answer 7

Concentrations of the pollutants where the receptor (usually a person) is located.

Question 8

Dose

Answer 8

Depends on exposure and also on the breathing rate and the period (how much you’re breathing and how lang you’re there for.

Question 9

Uptake

Answer 9

Depends on the dose and also on how much of the pollutant remains in your body

Question 10

What does human health effects depend on?

Answer 10

Dose and uptake (need to consider how all are related)

Question 11

True air pollution exposure

Answer 11

What, why, where, how much → impact
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Impact will be effected by age, sensitivity, ethnicity, acute effects, chronic effects, quality of life