Measurement, Methodology, and Other

Question 1

1897, First Psychology Experiment

Answer 1

Wilhelm Wundt

Students measured time lag between hearing a ball hit the time lag between hearing a ball hit.

Question 2

Ivan Pavlov, who pioneered the study of learning, was originally a Russian _____

Answer 2

Physiologist

Question 3

Sigmund Freud, who developed the theory of personality, was an Austrian _______

Answer 3

physician

Question 4

Jean Piaget

Answer 4

Observed Children

Swiss Biologist

Question 5

First Woman President of APA in 1905

Answer 5

Mary Calkins

Question 6

First Woman psychology PhD

Answer 6

Margaret Floy Washburn, 2nd APA president

Question 7

Psychology Phase 1: Until the 1920s

Answer 7

The science of mental life

Freud: emotional responses to childhood and unconscious thought affect our behavior

Question 8

Psychology Phase 2: 1920s-1960s

Answer 8

BEHAVIORISTS
John Watson and BF skinner.

The study of observable behaviors

Question 9

Psychology Phase 3: 1960s

Answer 9

Cognitive revolution: Humanistic Psychology

Carl Rogers/Abraham Maslow

Emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual’s potential for personal growth

Question 10

Nature vs. Nurture:
Plato was more ____
Aristotle was more ___

Answer 10

Plato more Nature

Aristotle more Nurture (environment)

Question 11

3 main levels of analysis

Answer 11

Biopsychosocial

Question 12

Research that builds on our knowledge base vs. looks to solve problems.

Answer 12

Basic vs. Applied

Question 13

Theory

Answer 13

Explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events

Question 14

Hypothesis

Answer 14

Testable prediction, often implied by theory.

Question 15

Statement that defines research variables. Why is it important?

Answer 15

Operational definition

For study replication

Question 16

Studying one person in depth

self-reported attitudes

observing/recording behavior

Answer 16

Case study

Survey

Naturalistic Observations

Question 17

____ is the group that you want to study. ___ ___ represents the group that you want to study.

Answer 17

Population

Random sample

Question 18

Perception of correlation where non exists

Answer 18

Illusory correlation

Question 19

Positive correlation (0 –> +1) indicates

Answer 19

Direct relationship (both down, or both up)

Question 20

Negative correlation (0 –> -1)

Answer 20

Inverse relationship (one down, the other up)

Question 21

How do you know if it’s an experiment?

Answer 21

1. Manipulate (vary) IV
2. Control other factors
3. Random Assignment
4. Random Sampling