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Instrumentation & Control > Measurement Errors > Flashcards

Measurement Errors Flashcards

1
Q

A device for determining the value or magnitude of a quality or variable.

A

Instrument

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2
Q

A process by which one can convert physical parameters to meaningful number.

A

Measurement

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3
Q

Different methods of measurement

A

Direct Method

Indirect Method

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4
Q

It is a method of measurement that compares the unknown quantity directly with the primary or secondary standard.

A

Direct Method

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5
Q

It is a method of measurement that the unknown quantity to be measured is converted into some other measurable quantity.

A

Indirect Method

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6
Q

Different classification of Instruments

A

Electrical and Electronic
Analogue and Digital
Absolute and Secondary

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7
Q

A measuring instrument that uses mechanical movement of electromagnetic meter to measure voltage, current, power, etc.

A

Electrical Measuring Instruments

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8
Q

A measuring instrument that uses d’Arsonal meter with amplifiers to increase the sensitivity of measurements.

A

Electronic Measuring Instruments

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9
Q

A measuring instrument that uses analogue signal to display the magnitude of quantity under measurement.

A

Analogue Measuring Instruments

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10
Q

A measuring instrument that uses digital signal to indicate the results to measurement in digital form.

A

Digital Measuring Instruments

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11
Q

A measuring instrument that the measured value is given in term of instrument constants and the deflection of one part of the instrument.

A

Absolute Measuring Instruments

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12
Q

A measuring instrument that the quantity of the measured values is obtained by observing the output indicated by these instruments..

A

Secondary Measuring Instruments

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13
Q

Different categories of secondary instruments

A

Indicating Instruments
Recording Instruments
Controlling Instruments

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14
Q

The magnitude of quantity being measured is obtained by deflection of the pointer on scale, and the output is indicated either in analogue or digital form is an example of an ___________

A

Indicating Instruments

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15
Q

Three forces that is proportional to the quantity being measured.

A

Deflecting Force
Controlling Force
Damping Force

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16
Q

This force gives the pointer the initial force to move it from zero position.

A

Deflecting Force

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17
Q

This force control and limits the deflection of the pointer on scale which must be proportional to the measured value, and also ensure that the deflection is always the same for the same values.

A

Controlling Force

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18
Q

This force is necessary to bring the pointer quickly to the measured value, and then stop without oscillation.

A

Damping Force

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19
Q

An instrument which makes a record in any recorded medium of the quantity being measured in order to save information and use it in another time.

A

Recording Instruments

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20
Q

These instruments give information to control the original measured quantity or control the other devices.

A

Controlling Instruments

21
Q

Two classification of measurement systems

A

Static Characteristics

Dynamic Characteristics

22
Q

A characteristic that the input is either held constant or varying very slowly.

A

Static Characteristics

23
Q

The change in instrument output that occurs when the quantity being measured changes by a given amount

A

Sensitivity

24
Q

It is normally desired that the output reading of the instrument is proportional to the quantity being measured.

A

Linearity

25
Q

The given value may be repeated or measured assuming that environmental conditions are same for each measurement

A

Reproducibility

26
Q

It defines the maximum and minimum values of the inputs or the outputs for which the instrument is recommended for use.

A

Range and Span

27
Q

This error shows the deviation of the true value from the desired value.

A

Static Error

28
Q

It is the change of circuit parameter, characteristic, or behavior due to instrument operation.

A

Loading Effects

29
Q

It is the closeness with which the instrument reading approaches the true value of the variable under measurement.

A

Accuracy

30
Q

It is a measure of the reproducibility of the measurement, it is also the degree to which successive measurements differ from one other.

A

Precision

31
Q

The two composed characteristics of precision

A

Conformity

Significant Figures

32
Q

It is the smallest amount of input signal change that the instrument can detect reliably.

A

Resolution

33
Q

A measurement characteristic that describes the behavior of the instrument when the desired input is not constant but varies rapidly with the time.

A

Dynamic Characteristic

34
Q

It is defined as a rapidity with which a measurement system responds to a change in measured quantity.

A

Speed of Response

35
Q

The retardation or delay in the response of the instrument.

A

Measuring Lag

36
Q

Two different types of Measuring Lag

A

Retardation Lag

Time Delay Lag

37
Q

A type of measuring lag that the response of measurement system begins immediately after a change in measured quantity has occurred.

A

Retardation Lag

38
Q

This type of measurement lag is very small and the order of a fraction of a second and hence can be ignored that response begins after the application of input.

A

Time Delay Lag

39
Q

The largest change of input quantity of which there is no change in the measured quantity.

A

Dead zone

40
Q

It is the ability of an instrument to produce a wave of shape identical to wave shape of input with respect to time.

A

Fidelity

41
Q

It is the difference between the true value changing with time and value value indicated by measuring system without static errors.

A

Dynamic Errors

42
Q

Three different classification of errors

A

Gross Error
Systematic Error
Random Error

43
Q

This error occurs due to the human mistakes in reading or using the instruments.

A

Gross Error

44
Q

A type of error that occurs due to the inherent shortcomings in the instruments, misuse of instruments and loading effects of instruments.

A

Instrumental Error

45
Q

A type of error that arise as a result of changing conditions in the are surrounding the instrument, such as the effect of changes in temperature, humidity, barometric pressure and etc.

A

Environmental Error

46
Q

A type of error occur due to carelessness of operations while taking the reading.

A

Observational Error

47
Q

A type of error that are due to unknown causes and occur even when all systematic errors have been accounted for.

A

Random Error

48
Q

A type of error defined as the difference between the measured value of the variable and the true value of the variable.

A

Absolute Error

49
Q

It is the ratio of absolute error to the true value of the quantity to be measured.

A

Relative Error

Instrumentation & Control (1 decks)

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