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A Level English Language > Meanings and Representations > Flashcards

Meanings and Representations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Implied Reader?

A

Who the text is meant to be read by or who the author’s intended reader is

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2
Q

What is the Actual Reader

A

The person who actually reads the text

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3
Q

Who is the implied writer

A

The “authorial character” that a reader produces from reading the text. The readers image of the writer

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4
Q

Who is the Actual Writer

A

The person who actually produces the text

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5
Q

What is a Discourse Community

A

A group of people with similar interest who are likely to respond to a text in similar ways

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6
Q

Define mode.

A

Refers to written or spoken words. Includes word choice, delivery and organisation

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7
Q

What is the oppositional view

A

The oppositional view states that the characteristics and qualities of spoken and written mode are strictly opposites

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8
Q

What are 5 features of written Mode

A 
Objective
Monologue 
Durable
Planned
Highly Structured 
Grammatically Complex
Concerned with the past or future
Formal
Decontextualised
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9
Q

What are 5 features of Spoken mode

A 
Interpersonal
Dialogue
Lasts for a short time (Ephemeral)
Spontaneous 
Loosely Structured
Grammatically simple
Concerned with the present
Informal
Contextualised
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10
Q

What are blended modes

A

where both aspects of speech and writing can be found in a mode, for example tweets and social media because it can have comments creating a discourse

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11
Q

What is Register

A

A variety of Language that is associated with a particular situation of use

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12
Q

What are situational Characteristics

A

A key Characteristic of the time, place and contexts in which communication takes place

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13
Q

What is Genre

A

Different texts fall into different Genres. Different genres have typical characteristics from which we can derive meanings and representations from

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14
Q

What is intertextuality

A

A process by which texts borrow from or refer to conventions of other texts for a specific purpose or effect

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15
Q

What is the primary purpose

A

The main and most easily recognisable purpose

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16
Q

What is the secondary purpose

A

An additional or perhaps more subtle purpose

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17
Q

What is a multi purpose text

A

A text that clearly has more than one purpose

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18
Q

What is lexis

A

The term in language studies used to refer to vocabulary

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19
Q

What is a proper noun

A

A noun which refers to names of people or places

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20
Q

What is an abstract noun

A

A noun which refers to states, feelings and concepts

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21
Q

What is a concrete noun

A

A noun which refers to objects that have a physical existence

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22
Q

What is a material verb

A

A verb showing actions or events

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23
Q

What is a relational verb

A

A verb identifying properties or showing states of being

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24
Q

What is a mental verb

A

a verb showing internal processes such as thinking

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25
Q

What is a verbal verb

A

A verb showing external processes like speech

26
Q

What is a base adjective

A

The basic form on an adjective

27
Q

What is a comparative adjective

A

A form of adjective used to compare two instances either adding “-er” or using “more”

28
Q

What is a superlative adjective

A

A form used to compare more than two instances, identifying a best example

29
Q

What are personal pronouns

A

refer to people and are differentiated in terms of person (1st,2nd,3rd)

30
Q

what are Demonstrative Pronouns

A

Used when orienting the reader towards something

31
Q

What are indefinite pronouns

A

pronouns referring to a person, object or idea that is non specific

32
Q

What are articles

A

A form of determiner. Show that something is definite or indefinite

33
Q

What are possessives

A

A type of determiner which shows ownership

34
Q

What are Quantifiers

A

A type of determiner showing either specific or non specific quantities of a noun

35
Q

What are co-ordinating conjunctions

A

link structures together such as phrases and clauses when they’re equal to each other

36
Q

What are sub-ordinating conjunctions

A

link clauses together to show one is dependant on the other

37
Q

What are semantics

A

the study of meaning in language

38
Q

what is a semantic field

A

a group of words that fulfil the same kind of role in speech or function (player, field have a semantic field of sports)

39
Q

what are collocates

A

words that typically appear together

40
Q

what is a fixed expression

A

collocates which have been used so much together that words become accepted and used as one long structure

41
Q

what is a synonym

A

a word that has equivalent meaning to another word

42
Q

what is a euphemism

A

a more socially acceptable word or phrase

43
Q

what is a dysphemism

A

using a blunt or direct word instead of a more polite or indirect alternative, close to taboo

44
Q

what is an antonym

A

words that have opposite meanings

45
Q

what is a hyponymy

A

the way of viewing the relationship between more general and specific words

46
Q

metaphor

A

a structure that presents one thing in terms of another

47
Q

what is morphology

A

the study of word formation

48
Q

what is syntax

A

the study of how words form larger structures such as phrases, clauses and sentences

49
Q

what is a root

A

a morpheme which can stand on its own and can usually form a word (e.g. apple)

50
Q

what is a suffix

A

a morpheme coming after a root word to modify its meaning

51
Q

what is a prefix

A

a morpheme coming before a root changing the meaning

52
Q

what is an affix

A

a prefix or suffix

53
Q

what is an internal function

A

when an affix shows a grammatical category such as a verb phrase or plural noun

54
Q

what is a derivational function

A

the way an affix helps to form a new word by attaching itself to a root

55
Q

what is a head word

A

the main word in the phrase

56
Q

what is a pre modifier

A

a word that goes before a head word to add detail or clarify

57
Q

what is a qualifier

A

an additional word of phrase that adds further detail to a noun

58
Q

what is a post modifier

A

a word coming after the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

59
Q

what is a primary auxiliary verb

A

a verb which joins with a main verb to show tense

60
Q

what is a modal auxiliary verb

A

an auxiliary verb which joins with a main verb to show degree of commitment (e.g. should, must, might)

A Level English Language (5 decks)

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