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Instrumentation > ME345W Final Exam Practice > Flashcards

ME345W Final Exam Practice Flashcards

1
Q

Readability

A

Closeness of Scale

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2
Q

Least Count

A

Smallest Difference that can be detected

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3
Q

Accuracy

A

Deviation of a reading from a known input stated as % of full scale

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4
Q

Precision

A

Repeatability, Ability to reproduce a certain reading with a given accuracy

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5
Q

Calibration

A

Test, Check, Compare the instrument against known standard data

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6
Q

Resolution

A

The smallest unit of the quantity under measurement which can be reliably detected

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7
Q

Accuracy Error

A

-Closeness of the average reading to the true value
-The value of one reading minus the true value

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8
Q

Precision Error

A

The value of one reading minus the average of readings

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9
Q

Significant Digits

A

Digits that are relevant and meaningful

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10
Q

NIST

A

National Institute for Standards and Technology

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11
Q

Three Staged of Sensors

A

1) Detector
2) Intermediate Stage (Amplify, Filter)
3) Final/Terminating

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12
Q

3 Sources of Noise in the Measurement System

A

1) Environment
2) Electrical Signal Conditioning System
3) Quantization

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13
Q

Static

A

Constant in Time

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14
Q

Dynamic

A

Varying in time

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15
Q

Analog

A

Signal is analogous to a continues physical process

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16
Q

Digital

A

Signal is a set of discrete numbers

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17
Q

Rise Time

A

Time from 90% to 10% of the known value

18
Q

Setting Time

A

Time for it to reach Steady-State Response

19
Q

Low Pass Filter

A

Low frequency signals will pass

20
Q

High Pass Filter

A

High frequency signals will pass

21
Q

Full Scale

A

Final-Initial Value

22
Q

Cyclic TIme

A

Time to arrive Steady-State Solution

23
Q

Hysteresis

A

Difference in the response of increasing/decreasing PV

24
Q

Calibration is the process of checking the rest of the date against the mean (True or False)

A

False

25
Q

It can be estimated with reasonable accuracy that the system (sensor) arrives at its
final reading after a period that is double its rise time. (True or False)

A

False

26
Q

The quantization error is a dynamic error, and it results from the digital to analog
converter used in the data acquisition system.

A

False

27
Q

Obstruction Flow Meter

A

-An instrument that measures flow rate by a reduction of cross-sectional area which causes a pressure drop

28
Q

3 most common types of obstruction flow meters

A

1) Venture (smallest headloss/most accurate)
2) flow nozzle (medium/medium)
3) Orifice (highest headloss/least accurate)

29
Q

Pitot Tube

A

-A pressure differential flow speed measurement instrument

30
Q

Rotameter

A

-An instrument that measures flow rate using the concepts of buoyancy force, drag force, and weight

31
Q

Rotor/Turbine flow meter

A

-An instrument that allows a fluid to flow through blades to measure the flow rate

32
Q

Paddle Flow meter

A

-An instrument that allow fluid to flow over a paddle wheel to measure the flow rate

33
Q

Electromagnetic flowmeter

A

-An instrument that measures the flow rate of conductive liquids

34
Q

Vortex Flow meter

A

An instrument that uses the concept of vortex shedding to measure the flow rate

35
Q

Wheatstone Bridge

A

Typically used to measure the change in resistance from 1 ohm to 1 Mohm
1) balanced: typically used to find output resistance of transducers
2) unbalanced: typically used to find dynamic frequencies

36
Q

unbounded strain gage

A

-A strain gage that the wire is not cemented to a structure
-can find acceleration
-measures strain

37
Q

bounded strain gage

A

-A strain gage that the wires is cemented to a structure
Measures strain

38
Q

Rosette strain gage

A

-A strain gage used for complicated geometries
-three directions are needed (45 degrees)

39
Q

How to account for temperature change in a strain gage

A

-You can account for temperature change by having two strain gages. One goes on top and another goes on the bottom. The one on top acts as a thermal insulator

40
Q

Frequency response of a bonded strain gage is dependent

A

on the mechanical properties of the structure which it is bonded

41
Q

Power excitation voltage is limited by the

A

power dissipation and hating resistances

42
Q

Strain sensitivity

A

The amount of deformation that can be indicated by the gage per unit length

Instrumentation (5 decks)

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