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Health Psychology > MCQ assessment > Flashcards

MCQ assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Chronic illnesses

A

prolonged; rarely cured; periods of exacerbation and remission

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2
Q

chronos

A

passage of time itself

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3
Q

growing life expectancy with chronic illness

A

> 60 have 2.2 chronic conditions

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4
Q

cardiovascular diseases

A

most cause of disability world wide

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5
Q

health is multidimensional

A

state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease

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6
Q

disease

A

biological event with diagnosis

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7
Q

illness

A

subjective experience

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8
Q

Biomedical model

A

by Descartes; body as machine and mechanistic view of illness

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9
Q

mechanistic view

A

every disease has bio cause

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10
Q

association btw pathophysiology

A

includes psychosocial and environmental factors

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11
Q

George Engel

A

understand respond to patients suffering

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12
Q

biopsychosocial model

A

Bio -> social -> psycho

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13
Q

disability

A

limited physically or mentally

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14
Q

medical model of disability

A

disease that can be changed by doctors and specialists

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15
Q

social model of disability

A

address barriers socially to help individual

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16
Q

WHO of disability

A

both medical and social; biopsychosocial approach

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17
Q

impairments

A

loss/abnormality of body/organ structure and function

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18
Q

disabilities

A

restriction or lack of ability t perform

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19
Q

handicap

A

social consequences of disabilities; disadvantage in the social roles

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20
Q

ICIDH definition

A

disease (glaucoma) -> impairment (vision) ->

disability (seeing) -> handicap/disad -> orientation

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21
Q

criticism of ICIDH

A

focus on handicap and disability and stigmatizing

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22
Q

ICF definition

A

activities (disabilities) and participation (handicap)

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23
Q

ICF of functioning disability and health

A

body functions and structures -> activities/participation (capacities) -> environmental factors (barriers)

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24
Q

specific symptoms

A

physiological/psychological

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25
Q

specific illness

A

cold, cancer

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26
Q

consequence

A

can’t do what used to

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27
Q

timeline

A

how long symptoms last

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28
Q

Illness representations

A

beliefs about their illness impact life

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29
Q

Common sense model/self regulation model (leventhal)

A

how representations guide illness experiences

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30
Q

dimensions of illness perceptions

A

identity, consequence, causes, time line, cure/control

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31
Q

identity

A

signs of symptoms

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32
Q

consequence

A

physical, social, economic consequences of disease

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33
Q

cause

A

perceived cause of disease

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34
Q

time lien

A

time frame for development and duration

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35
Q

cure/control

A

extent of responsiveness to treatment

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36
Q

diagnostic labeling

A

associated with symptom reporting

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37
Q

attribution models

A

a person locating the cause

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38
Q

cause of disease

A

locus, controllability, stability

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39
Q

locus

A

extent the cause is a part of inside or outside person

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40
Q

controllability

A

extent person has control over cause

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41
Q

stability

A

extent to which cause is stable or changeable

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42
Q

timeline

A

acute, cyclical, chronic

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43
Q

measuring illness representations

A

Illness perception questionnaire (IPQ) - measures five dimensions

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44
Q

leventhal’s self regulatory model of illness behavior

A

internal and environmental stimuli -> a. representation of problem & b. emotional experience -> a. action plan for problem & b. plan for emotion -> appraisal

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45
Q

psychological variables

A

more mutable than sociodemographic variables

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46
Q

Health Belief Model

A

perceived susceptibility vs perceived benefits -> demographic variables to perceived health threat and evaluation of action -> likelihood of action from cues to action

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47
Q

perceived susceptibility example

A

i have unprotected sex so i could get an STI

48
Q

perceived severity example

A

getting an STI could have consequences

49
Q

belief in health threat

A

from perceived susceptibility and severity

50
Q

perceived benefit

A

i always use condom so no risk of STI

51
Q

perceived barriers

A

use of condoms reduce enjoyment

52
Q

belief in effectiveness of health behaviour

A

from perceived benefit and barriers

53
Q

health behavior

A

from belief of health threat and effectiveness of health behavior

54
Q

cues to action

A

internal/external

55
Q

protection motivation theory (PMT)

A

perceived vulnerability x severity x response efficacy

56
Q

social cognitive theory

A

skinner; gain max reinforcement and minimum punishment

57
Q

social cog. theory continued

A

based on expectancies of outcome (belief) and self efficacy (confidence)

58
Q

attitude

A

predict behaviors

59
Q

4 aspects of behavior

A

specific action; performed to target; in a context; at a given point in time

60
Q

TPB

A

theory of planned behavior

61
Q

TPB cont.

A

50% of intention and 20% variance in behavior

62
Q

Change: Social cog. models

A

continuum

63
Q

nature of change

A

continuous or stage

64
Q

Classificaion system

A

category system of stage

65
Q

Transtheoretical Model = stages of change (SOC) model

A

go through logical series to adopting new behavior

66
Q

stages of change

A

pre-contemplation; contemplation; preparation; action; maintenance; (termination)

67
Q

helps stages forward

A

decisional balance (importance a person gives behaviour); self efficacy (confidence); strategies of change (cognitive or behavioural)

68
Q

cognitive processes

A

consciousness raising (seek new info); dramatic relief (emotion); environmental reevaluation (effects around u); self reevaluation (self); social liberation (noticing social conditions); self liberation (confidence); helping relationships (support)

69
Q

counter conditioning

A

replacing bad with good

70
Q

reinforcement management

A

rewards

71
Q

stimulus control

A

reengineering; avoiding bad stimuli

72
Q

cognitive and behavioural change

A

cognitive in early stages and behavioural help in later stages

73
Q

SOC (stage of change) model

A

intuitive appeal; linked to practice; insight into process of change; little about variables; micro level

74
Q

TTM

A

transtheortetical model

75
Q

preventions

A

primary = prevent occurrence; secondary = treat in early occurrence; tertiary = contain damage

76
Q

persuasion

A

effects of exposure to messages from people on attitudes and beliefs of recipients

77
Q

implications of HBM

A

susceptibility; cons v benefits; cues to change

78
Q

implications of TPB

A

info of cost v benefits; susceptibility; normative beliefs; increase self efficacy; info + other interventions to bring change

79
Q

SOC implications

A

allows tailor interventions for each stage of change

80
Q

inputs

A

source, message, channel, receiver, destination

81
Q

output

A

11

82
Q

Elaboration likelihood model

A

the likelihood of creating persuasive communication; determined motivation and ability

83
Q

peripheral route

A

don’t analyse; attractiveness using cues; change is transient and not predictive of behaviour

84
Q

central route

A

do analyse; pre-existing interest; personal relevance; enduring and predictive

85
Q

high involvement vs low involvement

A

seek treatment regardless of route vs seek treatment if exposed to high peripheral cues

86
Q

low risk behaviors

A

use gain frame

87
Q

high risk behaviors

A

use loss frames; negative consequences

88
Q

presenting risk information

A

use relative risk not absolute risk; have x% chance

89
Q

emotional appeals

A

impact on attitudes not actual behavior

90
Q

fear appeals

A

less impact in real world; can be ineffective

91
Q

adaptive tasks

A

subjective appraisal; coping with challenge to maintain adequate levels

92
Q

stress-coping paragdigm

A

how ppl function with disease and live well despite the condition

93
Q

primary appraisal

A

personal meaning; harm, threat, challenge

94
Q

secondary appraisal

A

what can i do about it

95
Q

personality variables

A

hardiness, neuroticism, dispositional optimism

96
Q

situational demands

A

controllability, resources available, competing demands

97
Q

hardiness

A

high commitment, internal locus of control

98
Q

controllability

A

ability to determine outcome; self efficacy; hope

99
Q

coping

A

cognitive and behavioural efforts to manage demands; changing; dynamic; multidimensional; ongoing process

100
Q

emotion-focused coping

A

reduce negative emotions; distracting activities like drugs

101
Q

problem focused coping

A

changing situation; making plan of action

102
Q

billings and moos

A

active cognition; behavioural coping; avoidance

103
Q

distancing

A

make efforts to put it out of mind

104
Q

escape-avoidance

A

escapist; alcohol consumption

105
Q

folkman

A

modification of coping model

106
Q

meaning-focused coping

A

cognitive reframing, goal-directed, spiritual comfort; infusion of meaning

107
Q

measuring coping

A

intra-individual or inter-individual

108
Q

functional status

A

degree to which an individual can perform socially allocated roles

109
Q

pain

A

nociception; physiological process; sensory and emotional experience

110
Q

specificty theory

A

pain receptors - spinal pain pathway to brain - no pain w/o injury

111
Q

episodic analgesia

A

delayed onset

112
Q

phantom limb pain

A

pain without limb

113
Q

pain disproportionate to injury

A

kidney stones

114
Q

psychogenic model of chronic pain

A

in your head

115
Q

gate control theory

A

brain can influence info; spinal cord has gate that blocks or allows

116
Q

opening the gate

A

physical conditions; emotional conditions; cognitive conditions

117
Q

sensory thresholds

A

lowest level any sensation is detected

Health Psychology (1 decks)

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