Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortho > MCQ 2 > Flashcards

MCQ 2 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. A five year old has had a tonsillectomy. Three hours later, the ward nurse calls you and states
    that the patient is restless, his pulse rate is 160 beats per minute and the blood pressure is
    85/45mmHg. Which of the following would be the most appropriate action to take?
A

Suction the patient’s throat to clear blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  1. A 25 year old man fell on his outstretched right hand. The injury most likely to occur is:
A

Scaphoid fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  1. Non-union is seen frequently in the following fractures except:
A

Distal ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  1. The goal attack in a netball match sustained a twisting injury to her left knee however was
    able to continue playing until the end of the game. She noted swelling of the knee joint six
    hours afterwards. Examination revealed an effusion. The most likely diagnosis is:
A

A torn meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. The following injuries are paired with their associated complications except:
A

Anterior dislocation of the shoulder and brachial artery injury - axillary nerve injury is
common; artery at risk of injury is the profunda brachii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. In the third trimester of pregnancy, a 27 year old primigravid woman presented with oedema
    of the fingers of both hands along with numbness in the radial three and a half digits. The
    treatment of choice would be:
A

Splints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  1. A sixteen year old girl slashed her wrist resulting in damage to the ulnar nerve. Which of the
    following would she not be able to do?
A

Abduct the digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. A fourteen year old active footballer presents to you with pain on kneeling and whenever he
    kicks or climbs stairs. Examination revealed prominent swellings at the anterior proximal
    tibiae. Radiographs showed no abnormality. Which condition most closely fits the clinical
    picture?
A

Patellar tendonitis - tendinopathy of the patellar tendon associated with activity-related
anterior knee pain, X-rays are usually normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  1. A seventy five year old man has noted that increasingly he is getting pain and numbness in
    his lower limbs on walking and also on standing in line to collect his pension. His pain is
    relieved by sitting down. His physical examination is entirely normal apart from mild back
    discomfort. His condition is best attributed to:
A

Spinal stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. A twenty two year old rugby player fell on his left shoulder and was unable to move the arm,
    primarily as a result of pain. He is seen supporting the elbow using the opposite hand and has
    swelling of the shoulder joint. Which of the following is most likely?
A

Dislocation of the glenohumeral joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. A twenty two year old rugby player fell on his left shoulder and was unable to move the arm,
    primarily as a result of pain. He is seen supporting the elbow using the opposite hand and has
    swelling of the shoulder joint. Which combined radiographic views would give you most
    information in treating this young man?
A

Anterior-posterior and axillary views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. A twenty two year old rugby player fell on his left shoulder and was unable to move the arm,
    primarily as a result of pain. He is seen supporting the elbow using the opposite hand and has
    swelling of the shoulder joint. Assuming a diagnosis of anterior shoulder dislocation, what would
    be the most common cause of recurrent dislocation of the joint?
A

Detachment of the glenoid labrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. A 45 year old man slips and falls onto his right shoulder. Plain radiographs show an anterior
    shoulder dislocation. Which of the following neurovascular structures is most likely to be
    injured?
A

Axillary nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. A 45 year old man slips and falls onto his right shoulder. Plain radiographs show an anterior
    shoulder dislocation. In order to reduce this dislocation, which of the following is the
    recommended technique or procedure?
A

Kocher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  1. A five year old boy fell off his bicycle and presents with pain and swelling of the right ankle.
    X-ray shows a fracture line through the metaphysis and epiphysis of the ankle joint. Which
    Salter-Harris classification best describes the appearance?
A

Type 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  1. A previously active 74 year old grandmother is brought to the emergency room by her family.
    She had fallen at home that morning and, since then, had been unable to stand on her right leg.
    You suspect a fracture of the neck of the right femur. Which of the following attitudes of the
    affected limb would most strongly support this diagnosis?
A

Abduction and external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  1. A previously active 74 year old grandmother is brought to the emergency room by her family.
    She had fallen at home that morning and, since then, had been unable to stand on her right leg.
    You suspect a fracture of the neck of the right femur. Which of the following fracture types is
    most likely to result in avascular necrosis of the femoral head as a complication?
A

Displaced subcapital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  1. A previously active 74 year old grandmother is brought to the emergency room by her
    family. She had fallen at home that morning and, since then, had been unable to stand on her right
    leg. You suspect a fracture of the neck of the right femur. Which of the following
    fracture-treatment option combinations is correct?
A

Subcapital - Dynamic hip screws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  1. A previously active 74 year old grandmother is brought to the emergency room by her family.
    She had fallen at home that morning and, since then, had been unable to stand on her right leg.
    You suspect a fracture of the neck of the right femur. Which one of the following is not a
    common complication of this condition?
A

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  1. A previously active 74 year old grandmother is brought to the emergency room by her family.
    She had fallen at home that morning and, since then, had been unable to stand on her right leg.
    You suspect a fracture of the neck of the right femur. Which one of the following percent ranges
    most accurately represents the survival rate for this condition at 1 year following injury?
A

60-80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
  1. A 78 year old hypertensive and diabetic male stepped onto his porch, lost his balance and fell.
    He was brought to the Emergency Department walking however he complained of pain in the
    right groin. Examination revealed normal attitude of the lower limbs however he had some
    discomfort on movement of the right hip joint. Radiographs of the pelvis were reported as normal.
    The most appropriate line of management would be:
A

Discharge home with an outpatient appointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  1. A 25 year old male is seen in the emergency room of your hospital with a closed, undisplaced
    fracture of the left tibia sustained in a motor vehicle accident. No other injuries are apparent. A
    plaster back-slab is applied and the patient is allowed home with analgesics and a routine
    appointment for clinic follow-up. However, he is brought back to the emergency room by his
    family the following morning because he is found to be acting strangely and appeared confused.
    On examination, he is found to be conscious but confused and marked tachypnoeic. Pulse is
    100/min and blood pressure is normal. Which one of the following investigations should be
    performed immediately?
A

Arterial blood gas analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  1. A 25 year old male is seen in the emergency room of your hospital with a closed, undisplaced
    fracture of the left tibia sustained in a motor vehicle accident. No other injuries are apparent. A
    plaster back-slab is applied and the patient is allowed home with analgesics and a routine
    appointment for clinic follow-up. However, he is brought back to the emergency room by his
    family the following morning because he is found to be acting strangely and appeared confused.
    On examination, he is found to be conscious but confused and marked tachypnoeic. Pulse is
    100/min and blood pressure is normal. Which one of the following blood gas analysis would be
    most supportive of a diagnosis of respiratory failure in this patient?
A

pH 7.0
paCO2(mmHg) 80
PaO2(mmHg) 30
HCO3(mmol/L) 25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
  1. A 25 year old male is seen in the emergency room of your hospital with a closed, undisplaced
    fracture of the left tibia sustained in a motor vehicle accident. No other injuries are apparent. A
    plaster back-slab is applied and the patient is allowed home with analgesics and a routine
    appointment for clinic follow-up. However, he is brought back to the emergency room by his
    family the following morning because he is found to be acting strangely and appeared confused.
    On examination, he is found to be conscious but confused and marked tachypnoeic. Pulse is
    100/min and blood pressure is normal. Which of the following skin conditions is classically
    associated with this condition?
A

Petechial haemorrhages on the upper torso

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  1. The most likely injury in a 20 year old adult who falls on an outstretched arm is:
A

Scaphoid fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  1. A 65 year old man with a recent diagnosis of myocardial infarction develops sudden
    excruciating pain of the right lower limb. On physical examination, the right femoral pulse is not
    felt. The blood pressure is 160/90mmHg and the pulse rate is 100/min. The most likely diagnosis
    is?
A

Acute arterial embolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
  1. A sixty five year old man is diagnosed with a carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. In regard to
    large bowel cancer, all the following statements are correct except:
A

Tubular adenomas are more likely to become cancers than villous adenomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  1. A 25 year old woman with a strong family history of breast carcinomas presents with a 2cm
    discrete mobile mass in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. The most likely diagnosis is:
A

Fibroadenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A 60 year old female on her way to work fell and sustained a displaced fracture of the
neck of the femur. What would be the most appropriate method of treatment?

A

Total hip
replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

An 85 year old lady fell in her garden and sustained an intertrochanteric fracture of the
right femur. What would be the most appropriate treatment option?

A

Dynamic hip screw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What would be the chosen fixation method for a nine year old boy who fell out of a tree
and sustained a displaced, angulated fracture of the distal left radius and ulna?

A

Plaster of paris cast;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
  1. An unhelmeted 25 year old motorcyclist is involved in a road traffic accident. Physical
    examination in Accident and Emergency reveals quadriplegia, drowsiness and bilateral tibial
    fractures. Which of the following is most likely?
A

Bradycardia, hypotension and warm dry skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q
  1. An unbelted 25 year old man is involved in a road traffic accident. He presents with neck
    pain. Which of the following parameters will guide your decision to do a cervical spine X-ray?
A

Neck pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q
  1. A 17 year old boy sustains a laceration to the face while involved in a fight. When seen one
    hour after the incident, he was noted to be alert with stable vital signs. His only significant finding
    was a 4cm jagged laceration to the left cheek with mild contamination. He recalls being
    immunized as a child but has no recollection of booster injections. Which of the following
    would be the most appropriate treatment to minimize the risk of tetanus?
A

0.5cc Tetanus toxoid intramuscularly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q
  1. A 56 year old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a motor
    vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department, he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest
    pain. His blood pressure is 60/40mmHg and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute. Which
    of the following would best differentiate cardiac tamponade from tension pneumothorax as the
    cause of his hypotension?
A

Breath sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q
  1. A 56 year old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a motor
    vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department, he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest
    pain. His blood pressure is 60/40mmHg and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute. After he
    has been resuscitated he reports pain in his left hip and says that his knee struck the dashboard.
    What is the most likely abnormality?
A

A posterior hip dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q
  1. A 56 year old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a motor
    vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department, he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest
    pain. His blood pressure is 60/40mmHg and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute. After he
    has been resuscitated he reports pain in his left hip and says that his knee struck the dashboard.
    Apart from radiographs of his hip, what is the trauma series of radiographs that you should order?
A

C-spine, chest, pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q
  1. A 48 year old female is seen in your clinic with a three centimetre painless lump in the upper
    aspect of her left breast which she had noted on bathing seven days previously. On examination,
    the lump was noted to be firm and mobile with ill-defined edges and uninvolved overlying skin.
    The most appropriate initial step in her management would be:
A

Mammography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q
  1. A 21 year old medical student was involved in a motor vehicle accident one hour ago. He
    presented with severe pains in the left leg. On examination his left leg was grossly swollen but no
    deformity was noted. He had a palpable dorsalis pedis pulse. Which of the following is correct?
A

Measurements of compartmental pressures should be done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q
  1. A patient who has survived a high speed automobile crash:
A

May have an aortic injury which can be occult

41
Q
  1. A 65 year old man trips at home and falls, striking his chin on a table. He is transferred to the
    Teaching Hospital one week later where he is diagnosed to have an upper motor neuron
    syndrome. Which of the following is most likely?
A

Spasticity, hyperreflexia and weakness

42
Q
  1. A 41 year old man falls down the stairs at a party. One week later, he develops low back pain
    and leg symptoms and is diagnosed with a nerve root lesion. Which of the following best
    describes his expected findings?
A

Lasague’s positive, weakness and extensor plantars

43
Q
  1. The following are features of plaster of Paris except:
A

Chemically it is hemi-hydrated calcium carbonate

44
Q
  1. The following are features of a torn anterior cruciate ligament except:
A

A negative Lachman’s test

45
Q
  1. An eleven month old child is brought to you by parents who are concerned about the bowing
    of the legs. The most likely cause of this is:
A

Blount’s disease

46
Q
  1. A 20 year old man fell on the outstretched right hand and sustained an injury to the wrist.
    Examination revealed tenderness in the snuff box and the radiographs showed no fractures. The
    most appropriate next step would be?
A

A back slab and repeat X-rays in two weeks time

47
Q
  1. The appropriate period of initial immobilization for the treatment of this scaphoid fracture
    should be:
A

8 weeks

48
Q
  1. After one year, the patient continued to have pain in the wrist. The most likely finding on
    repeat radiographs would be:
A

Sclerosis of the distal pole the scaphoid

49
Q
  1. A 22 year old football player sustained an inversion injury to the right ankle. The most likely
    ligament to be damaged is?
A

Anterior talofibular ligament

50
Q
  1. Appropriate prophylactic antibiotic for total hip replacement surgery would be:
A

Cefuroxime

51
Q
  1. The following can cause delayed/non-union of fracture except:
A

Pathological fracture

52
Q
  1. Organisms causing osteomyelitis in sickle cell anaemia
A

Salmonella

53
Q
  1. Osteosclerotic secondaries can arise from all except:
A

Renal carcinoma

54
Q
  1. Sunray appearance is seen in:
A

Osteogenic sarcoma

55
Q
  1. The average blood loss in a fracture shaft of femur is:
A

1 200 ml

56
Q
  1. A 20 year old female volleyball player has had 4 anterior dislocations within the past year.
    You would recommend:
A

Shoulder surgery to correct laxity of the anterior capsule

57
Q
  1. Fat embolism: which statement is false?
A

Intravenous heparin is the mainstay of treatment

58
Q
  1. Compartment syndrome:
A

In head injured patients, compartment pressure monitoring is useful for establishing the
diagnosis

59
Q
  1. Pelvic fractures: which statement is true?
A

Can be associated with injury to the urethra

60
Q
  1. Fingertip injuries: which statement is true?
A

Conservative treatment is associated with a good outcome particularly in children

61
Q
  1. A closed Monteggia fracture should be treated with:
A

Long arm cast for 6 weeks

62
Q
  1. Colles fractures: all statements are true except:
A

Malunion is rare in conservative treatment

63
Q
  1. Paediatric supracondylar humeral fractures:
A

The brachial artery may be injured by the distal fragment

64
Q
  1. Humeral shaft fractures:
A

A broad arm sling is commonly employed in conservative treatment

65
Q
  1. An acute knee haemarthrosis following a non contact injury in a footballer:
A

Clinical examination accurately identifies the injury in >90% of cases irrespective of the
clinician’s experience

66
Q
  1. Femoral shaft fractures:
A

Open intramedullary nailing is the treatment of choice

67
Q
  1. Femoral neck fractures in the elderly:
A

A hemiarthroplasty is commonly accepted treatment for displaced intracapsular fractures

68
Q
  1. In patients with osteoarthritis:
A

The first carpometacarpal joint is frequently involved in middle aged women

69
Q
  1. Open fractures:
A

Skeletal stabilisation is an essential set in reducing the infection rate

70
Q
  1. Scaphoid fractures:
A

A Herbert screw can be used to stabilise these fractures

71
Q
  1. Osteoporosis:
A

Hip fractures in the elderly early a 30-35% 1 year mortality rate

72
Q
  1. Which is the commonest organism involved in acute otitis media?
A

H influenzae

73
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a well known presenting feature of nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
A

Facial nerve palsy

74
Q
  1. The commonest benign tumour of the parotid is:
A

Pleomorphic adenoma

75
Q
  1. Blast injury can cause damage in:
A

Lung

76
Q
  1. Felon is:
A

Terminal pulp space infection

77
Q
  1. First line treatment in multiple facial bone fractures is:
A

Airway maintenance

78
Q
  1. Regarding local anaesthetics:
A

Main toxic effects are seen on CVS and CNS systems

79
Q
  1. In the classification of nerve injuries a complete division of a nerve is known as:
A

Neurotemesis

80
Q
  1. A twenty five year old man was knocked off his motorbike and is found to have an inability
    to supinate his extended right forearm. The most likely fracture to result in this would be:
A

Neck of the radius - the biceps brachii muscles are responsible for forearm supination;
they insert onto the radial tuberosity which is located dorsomedially on the radial neck

81
Q
  1. The radiographs of the hip joint of a sixty year old hypertensive female on diuretics showed
    the following features: periarticular osteopenia, joint space narrowing and multiple cysts within
    the femoral head. The most likely diagnosis is:
A

Rheumatoid arthritis

82
Q
  1. The following are injuries with their associated complications except:
A

Colles’ fracture and reflex sympathetic dystrophy

83
Q
  1. A five year old child with sickle cell disease presents with a fever, pain and swelling of the
    distal right femur for three days. Blood cultures grew a gram positive organism. The most
    appropriate choice of antibiotic would be:
A

Chloramphenicol

84
Q
  1. A twenty three year old female stuck her thumb with a pin from her infant’s diaper at the
    interphalangeal joint. The thumb and hand in particular became swollen and painful. The most
    likely diagnosis is:
A

Radial bursa infection

85
Q
  1. A twenty three year old female stuck her thumb with a pin from her infant’s diaper at the
    interphalangeal joint. The thumb and hand in particular became swollen and painful. The
    appropriate treatment would be:
A

Intravenous antibiotics

86
Q
  1. Likely causes of delayed union of fractures of the shaft of the femur:
A

Infection

87
Q
  1. Arthodesis of the knee joint:
A

Is the salvage for a failed total knee replacement

88
Q
  1. The whiplash syndrome:
A

Sometimes presents with blurred vision and dysphagia

88
Q
  1. The carpal tunnel syndrome:
A

Is associated with rheumatoid arthritis

89
Q
  1. Osteochondromas:
A

Have a 5% chance of malignant transformation - 5%-10% malignant transformation to
chondrosarcoma in patients with MHE

90
Q
  1. Chondrosarcomas:
A

Classically there is calcification within the lesions

91
Q
  1. Slipped upper femoral epiphysis:
A

May be associated with hypothyroidism

92
Q
  1. Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis:
A

Produces periosteal reaction by day five - changes may not be obvious until 5 to 7 days
from the onset in children and 10 to 14 days in adults.

93
Q
  1. Spinal shock:
A

Recovers faster with the use of steroids

94
Q
  1. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus:
A

Characteristically results from a fall on the elbow

95
Q
  1. The following are true of hallux valgus except:
A

Is seen commonly osteoarthritis - commonly seen in RA

96
Q
  1. Section of the common peroneal nerve results in all the following except:
A

Loss of inversion and dorsiflexion

97
Q
  1. A fourteen year old ballet dancer presents with pain in the anterior knee with difficulty
    negotiating stairs. She has pain with prolonged sitting and squatting. She has no obvious
    abnormalities on inspection. The most likely diagnosis:
A

Patellar tendinitis

98
Q
  1. A forty five year old male presents with an overnight history of pain and swelling of the right
    great toe. The toe is warm and throbbing. His white cell count is found to be elevated and ESR is
    increased. Uric acid is normal. The most likely clinical diagnosis is:
A

Septic arthritis

Ortho (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions