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2005 : Neuro > MCQ > Flashcards

MCQ Flashcards

1
Q

The sodium potassium pump is an example of…

A : Filtration

B : Active Transport

C : Osmosis

D : Facilitated diffusion

A

B

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2
Q

What are the differences between the “special” senses and “general” senses within the sensory nervous system?
A : General senses are of sight, smell and hearing
B : Special senses are of the finer areas of touch in the peripheral part of the body like fingers, toes and abdomen.
C : Special senses are for deep tissue organs like the liver and kidneys
D : Special senses require distinct cranial nerves and there is very little overlap of individual sensations

A

D

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3
Q

Which organelle in the cell is responsible for energy production?

A : Golgi apparatus
B : Mitochondria
C : Nucleolus
D : Ribosomes
E : Cytoskeleton

A

B

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4
Q

During the second stage of depolarization of a neuron cell,
A : Sodium channels close, voltage gated potassium channels open and potassium ions move out of the cell.
B : Sodium ions move in to the cell when voltage gated sodium channels open causing the transmembrane potential to rise to +30mv.
C : Potassium channels close and both sodium and potassium channels return to normal state

A

B

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5
Q

In active transport, protein transporter moves molecules up (or against) the concentration gradient?
True
False

A

TRUE

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6
Q

Which nerves are the only ones to innervate vascular smooth muscle?
A : Parasympathetic
B : Somatosensory
C : Sympathetic
D : Somatosensory

A

C

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7
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System innervation causes the heart rate, force of contraction and blood pressure to increase.
True
False

A

FALSE

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8
Q

Active transport requires energy
True
False

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Neurons are excitable cells that generate and carry electrical signal and release chemical signals (neurotransmitters).

True
False

A

TRUE

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10
Q

How are the pia mater, dura mater and arachnoid mater related?

A : They are the various layers of “grey matter” within the cerebral cortex
B : They are all different types of glial cells
C : They are the various layers that surround the spinal cord only
D : They are all part of the meningeal layers of the central nervous system (CNS)

A

D

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11
Q

The phrenic nerve originates from which section of the spinal cord?

C7, C8

C5, C6

T1 - T6

C3, C4, C5

A

C 345

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12
Q

What is one of the main functions of the thalamus?
A : visual processing
B : sympathetic nervous system activation in regards to fear, short term memory and olfactory sensation
C : a relay centre for sensory input for the cerebral cortex
D : regulates body temperature

A

C

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13
Q

Which of these statements is INCORRECT regarding the autonomic nervous system?

A : The ANS has a role in constriction of bronchial smooth muscle
B : The ANS is heavily reliant on the input from the brainstem (pons & medulla)
C : The ANS has little input into the release of hormones
D : The ANS is primarily associated with the motor nervous system - providing a response to stimuli

A

C
a component of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal. It contains three anatomically distinct divisions: sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric.

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14
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System innervation causes blood vessel constriction in the brain.

True
False

A

FALSE

Sympathetic Nervous System innervation causes dilation of the blood vessels in the brain.

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15
Q

The Parasympathetic Nervous System acts on Muscarinic & Nicotinic (cholinergic) receptors?

True
False

A

TRUE

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16
Q

There are ___ pairs of cranial nerves

8

12

13

15

A

12

17
Q

Lack of ATP leads to?

A : Increase in anaerobic metabolism

B : Decrease in anaerobic metabolism

A

A
The increase in anaerobic metabolism because this doesn’t need energy to create oxygen

18
Q

Neurogenic shock is what type of shock?

Hypovolemic

Cardiogenic

Obstructive

Distributive

A

Distributive

19
Q

Which of these statements is INCORRECT regarding the sympathetic nervous system?
A : alpha 1 receptors within the smooth muscle of arteries will constrict when innervated by the sympathetic nervous system

B : Neurons within the sympathetic nervous system do not use the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (AcH)

C : Noradrenaline and adrenaline (epinephrine and norepinepherine) are used as neurotransmitters at the target cell/organ

D : Preganglionic nerves within the SNS communicate with acetylcholine - the same as the parasympathetic neurons

A

B

20
Q

Besides relaying sensory information to the thalamus and other portions of the brain stem, the medulla oblongata is also responsible for?

A : Autonomic regulation of visceral function (cardiovascular, respiratory & digestive function)

B : Controlling emotions and hormone production

C : Maintaining consciousness

D : Memory storage and processing

A

A

21
Q

The ____________ nerve provides motor innervation to the diaphragm

Vagus

Phrenic

Sciatic

Brachial plexus

A

PHRENIC

22
Q

Which of these is the LEAST specific standard assessment for the suspected prehospital TBI patient?
ROSIER
GCS
Sensory deficit within the peripheries
AVPU

A

AVPU

23
Q

Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is:
A : is dependant on MAP overcoming the pressure within the intracranial space
B : 1/3 pulse pressure + diastolic pressure
C : requires intracranial pressure to be greater than mean arterial pressure
D : is dependant on the systolic blood pressure above 90mmHg

A

A

24
Q

Which of these is NOT a prehospital treatment to protect neurological tissues in the suspected TBI patient?

A : fluid management for blood pressure
B : immediate fluid bolus of 500 mls
C : metabolic demand - hypo or hyperglycaemia
D : Oxygenation

A

B

25
Q

What is the difference between a primary brain injury and a secondary brain injury?
A : Primary brain injury is the direct transfer of energy onto brain tissue
B : Primary brain injury can be reduced with immediate treatment
C : Primary brain injury is associated with the hypoxia or inflammation after the acute impact on the brain
D : Primary brain injury is associated with the adverse effects of the bodies compensatory mechanisms

A

A

26
Q

The treatment of traumatic brain injury:
A : is to support the blood pressure while the patient is compensating.
B : is to get the patient to any hospital that has a CT scanner
C : focuses interventions to minimise the effects of secondary brain injury
D : is only initiated if the patient has a GCS below 8 (severe brain injury)

A

C

27
Q

What is a key characteristic of Guillian-Barre Syndrome ?

A

A autoimmune that causes paralysis beginning at the peripheries and progressing centrally typically due to an infectious agent prior to paralysis

28
Q

What is the pathophysiology and a key characteristic of Motor neuron disease ?

A

Is a progressive condition where the neurons within the mu

2005 : Neuro (2 decks)

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