MCQ Flashcards
1Urinary incontinence is:
This is the unintentional passing of urine (unable to control bladder/ loss of control)
2 The patient is an 86-year-old male who is incontinent at night. An appropriate alternative to catheterisation for this patient would be:
- Using a uridome
- Give less fluid during the nights
- Ensure regular toileting
- Incontinence pad
- Antidiuretics possibly?
3 To help promote normal defecation and prevent discomfort, ideally the nurse should place the patient on a bedpan in which position?
Have patient in bed lying down with knees bent, bed pan underneath, and bed raised 30% at the head
4 The nurse begins to suspect faecal impaction in a patient who has not passed a stool in 10 days when the patient
Faecal impaction is unrelieved constipation despite the urge to pass stool and has been unable to for several days
Symptoms:
- Continuous oozing of diarrhoeal stool develops (liquid stool -overflow)
- In severe cases, the mass can expand from the rectum up to the sigmoid colon
- Loss of appetite
- Abdominal distension
- Cramping and pain
- Malaise
- Persistent urge
- Possible bleeding
- Tenderness on palpation
- Dullness on percussion and absent bowel sounds on auscultation
5 A patient states that they are worried because they have not had a bowel movement each day. The nurse’s best response concerning defecation patterns would be:
Ask what the patient’s normal bowel movement patterns are like
- And ask what her food, fluid and exercise patterns have been like
6 Ascites is defined as:
Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing swelling or fluid in the abdomen
7 What is a normal finding on palpation of the abdomen?
- No large or superficial masses
- No tenderness on palpation or guarding
- Abdomen should be soft
8 When inspecting a client’s abdominal contour, the nurse observes the abdomen to be swollen and distended. The nurse describes and documents this as:
Protuberant abdomen
9 The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment with a patient. Plantar flexion of the ankle involves requesting the client to:
Flex/ bend the foot downwards (movement of foot in a downward motion away from the body)
10 A client who presents in the medical centre with lower limb pain following a motor vehicle accident requires a musculoskeletal assessment. When completing the assessment, the nurse should apply all of the following principles except:
Asking the client to move the joint quickly while applying pressure
11 You are inspecting your client’s spinal symmetry and assessing their posture. You identify that the client has scoliosis. This is:
Abnormal lateral curvature of the thoracic region
12 The nurse is examining the ROM of a client’s shoulder. Which of the following is a normal finding?
Full active and painless ROM with no crepitus
13 You are caring for Mr Smith who has been admitted following a mechanical fall. You are reviewing his nursing care plan. Which component of the care plan indicates that the patient’s problems have been appropriately described?
Nursing diagnosis
14 When using a mobile hoist with a dependent patient, identify the correct rule:
- Lite assessment (load, individual, task and environment)
- How many people will assist
15 The older person’s tendency to take smaller steps with feet close together will mostly likely result in:
- Falls risk
- Tripping hazard
16 The most significant problem with restricted mobility is
- Pressure injuries can occur (skin integrity at risk)
- Muscle atrophy
- Or deep vein thrombosis/blood clots
17 To ensure safe administration of medications the nurse must be aware of the seven rights of medication administration. These are the right:
Medication
Client
Dose
Time
Reason
Route
Documentation
18 What is the term given to an unexpected effect of a medication
Adverse effect
19 A nurse administers medication to a patient. Who has the ultimate responsibility for the medication to be administered correctly?
The registered nurse
20 When administering paracetamol to a patient, it is important to ask the patient about:
How much have they taken in the last 24 hrs?
Any liver problems?
21 A nurse administering medications has many responsibilities including knowledge of pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics is best described as:
How the body effects the drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination)
22 A nurse needs to document that a medication has been administered under the tongue. What term would they use?
Sublingual
23 The prescription for a patient instructs the nurse to administer flucloxacillin 250mg po QID. How and when is the medication administered?
This is administered orally 4 times a day
24 Mary Brown is 17 years old and presents with a diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical manifestations associated with T1D include all the following except:
Obesity as it is linked to type 2 diabetes not type 1
25 John Smith has a history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. As the nurse, you are performing a risk assessment. Identify a modifiable risk factor for John:
Sedentary lifestyle/ insufficient exercise (so john should exercise more)
26 Microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus include damage to the kidney. This is called:
Diabetic nephropathy
27 Three common complications of diabetes mellitus are:
- Neuropathy (nerve damage)
- Nephropathy (kidney damage)
- Retinopathy (Eye damage)
- Cardiovascular disease eg heart attack/strokes
- Chronic wounds
- Poor controlled BGL
- Weight changes
- Frequent urination (polyuria)
- Frequent thirst (polydipsia)
- Glaucoma
28 Measures of glycosylated haemoglobin, such as HbA1c, monitor glucose control over a period of time, relative to the average life span of a red blood cell. This is normally:
(3 months/120 days)
<40mmol/mol for a non-diabetic and >50mmol/mol for a diabetic
29 Which of the following statements, regarding T1D, is true:
Type 1 diabetes is the total inability to produce insulin
- Autoimmune disease
- The pancreas produces no insulin or very little so will be administered insulin life long
- Commonly diagnosed as a child
30 You are working in a family planning centre and providing an education session on genital warts. Information you provide includes:
- HPV vaccine makes it preventable
- Use of contraception and protection such as condoms
- STI checks are important, and it is an STI
- Personal hygiene
- Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus, and it is skin coloured with whitish bumps, can be single or in clusters
31 Which of the following is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection?
Chlamydia
Gonorrhoea
Syphilis
Donovanosis
32 A 19-year-old male client presents describing urethral discharge and pain on urination. What other information do you require before proceeding to physical examination?
Is the patient sexually active?
- Is there blood in the urine or discharge?
- What is the colour, smell etc?
- Have you been experiencing any other symptoms, i.e. abdominal pain
- Receive medical history, family history, background, etc
DO a whole damn coldspa
33 You are providing education to a women’s group on breast cancer. Identify the factor below that is incorrect:
- Men can’t get breast cancer
- Always hereditary
- Healthy people won’t get it
- Wearing a bra can cause it
34 Folate is a particularly important nutrient for which patient group?
Pregnant women
35 Which age and gender are MOST at risk of developing an iron deficiency?
Females between the onset of puberty around 13 years old, and cessation of menstruation at around 46-64 years old
36 Foods permitted on a clear, liquid diet include all the following except:
Anything you can’t see through (so milky, chunky, coloured etc)
37 Poor nutritional status signs and symptoms in an adult include:
- Feeling tired all the time or irritable (malaise or fatigue, dizzie)
- Weak feeling
- Reduced appetite
- Getting ill more so weakened immune system
- Wounds healing slower
- Poor concentration
- Weight loss
- Constipation or diarrhoea
38 A patient who has had a stroke is assessed by the nurse. The nursing diagnosis identified for the patient is: risk of aspiration related to dysphagia and left sided facial weakness. An appropriate technique for the nurse to use when assisting the patient to eat is to:
- Pureed diet
- Sit up 90 degrees
- Assisted feeding
- Small spoon
- Double swallow
- Thickened fluids
39 Identify the condition that is not an abnormality of the nose:
Abnormalities are:
- Epistaxis (nose bleed)
- Deviated septum
- Cleft palate (effects nasal airways)
- Rhinitis (inflammation of nose and sinuses)
So it can’t be one of these
40 An elderly patient, who has recently had a stroke, is assessed by the nurse as having a reddened area over the coccyx. To prevent this from progressing the nurse decides to:
- Apply barrier cream
- Turn every 2 hours
- Air mattress
- Pressure cushions
- Mobilising
- Incontinence tests
- Keep dry
- Keep sheets flat, no wrinkles
41 The tissue surfaces of an incision that are brought together are described as:
Primary intention wound healing
- Clean surgical incision
- Little tissue loss
- Wound will heal with minimal scarring
Can be closed using staples, glue etc
42 There are several instruments for assessing patients who are at risk of developing a pressure injury. The Braden Scale is commonly used. What risk factors are assessed using the Braden Scale?
- Sensory perception
- Moisture
- Activity
- Mobility
- Nutrition
- Friction & Shear
43 The haemostasis phase of wound healing is characterised by:
- Vasoconstriction of the blood vessels
- Formation of a platelet plug
- And the development of clot (coagulation)
44 The nurse observes that the client’s skin on their right elbow is reddened, with a small abrasion, representing partial-thickness loss of the dermis. There is serous fluid present. The nurse should classify the stage of pressure injury as:
Stage 2 partial thickness skin loss, exposed dermis
45 The nurse uses a surgical aseptic technique when:
- Inserting urinary catheter
- Sterile dressing
- Open wound dressing
- Sterile field
46 An effective question to assess orientation in a mental health assessment may include:
- What day/month/time?
- What’s your name?
- Who am I?
- Place, person, and location?
- Do you know what happened to you?
47 You are caring for Mrs X and her daughter Jane phones accusing staff of physically abusing her mother. Jane is very angry and upset and you recognise that the situation needs to be de-escalated. What is an appropriate approach with Jane?
- Active listening
- Paraphrasing
- Remain calm
- Empathetic response
48 Delirium is characterised by:
- Confusion, disorientation, and relentlessness
- Acute sudden onset of confusion, agitation and decrease in cognition and awareness/ orientation
- Treatable
49 The nurse is performing a lymph node assessment on a client who has been complaining of a sore throat. In palpating for the tonsillar lymph nodes, the nurse must position the pads of their fingers in which position?
Position 2 hands and the pads of fingers at the angle of the mandible (jaw)
50 Which symptoms are commonly associated with enlarged head and neck lymph nodes?
- Headache
- Malaise
- Difficulty swallowing
- Sore throat
- Flu like symptoms
