MCN Lesson 1 - 9/2/24 Flashcards
The care of women during childbirth
Focuses on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum
Obstetrics
Obstetrics
- Derived from the greek word __________ ( ____________)
obstare ( to keep watch)
Focus on life growth and development and health of infants, children, and adolescents below 18 yrs old
Pediatrics
Pediatrics
- from the greek word “_________” (___________)
“pais” (child)
is a field of nursing that focuses on providing healthcare to childbearing women and their children.
Maternal and Child Health Nursing
Maternal and Child Health Nursing
❗CPPR❗
It is _____________, _____________, _____________, and _____________health care for mother and children.
promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative
Maternal and child health nursing can be visualized within a framework in which nurses, using ________________, ________________, ________________, to care for families during childbearing and childrearing years
nursing process,
nursing theory,
evidence-based practice
4 PHASES OF HEALTHCARE
❗PMRR❗
Health promotion
Health maintenance
Health restoration
Health rehabilitation
Educating clients to be aware of good health through teaching and role modeling.
Client: No sickness
What you do: educate
HEALTH PROMOTION
Identify the phase of healthcare:
Teaching women the importance of rubella immunization before pregnancy; teaching children the importance of safer sex practices
HEALTH PROMOTION
Intervening to maintain health when risk of illness is present.
Client: At risk
What you do: check and teach
HEALTH MAINTENANCE
Identify the phase of healthcare:
Encouraging women to come for prenatal care; teaching parents the importance of safeguarding their home by childproofing it against poisoning
HEALTH MAINTENANCE
Promptly diagnosing and treating illness using interventions that will return clients to wellness most rapidly.
Client has the sickness
What you do: collaborate with a doctor and follow the orders ( like giving meds, treatments etc.)
Health Restoration
Caring for a woman during a complication of pregnancy or a child during an acute illness
Health Restoration
Preventing further
complications from an illness; bringing ill clients back to optimal state of wellness or helping clients to accept inevitable death.
Health Rehabilitation
Encouraging a woman with gestational trophoblastic disease to continue therapy or a child with a renal transplant to continue to take necessary medications
Example: gestational diabetes (before pregnancy no diabetes) but after preg, diabetes progressed, teach client to live with or without the condition normally
Fractures
Health Rehabilitation
Primary Goal of Maternal and Child Health Nursing
The promotion and maintenance of optimal family health to ensure cycles of optimal childbearing and child rearing.
The cycle of optimal childbearing and childrearing:
Healthy families –> Healthy Pregnancy –> Healthy Infants –> Healthy Children –> Healthy Adolescents –> Healthy Adults –>
Healthy Pregnancy –> Healthy Family …. repeat
Goals & Philosophies of Maternal and Child Health Nursing
❗FEC❗
Family Centered
Community Centered
Evidence-based Practice
Maternal and child health nursing is family centered; assessment must include both family and individual assessment data.
Family centered
Maternal and child health nursing is community centered; the health of families depends on and influences the health of communities.
Many healthy families → healthy community
Community centered
This is the means whereby critical knowledge increases.
To ensure patient safety
Evidence-based
Philosophies
❗AI is the next generation for resources. CCC ❗
A maternal and child health nurse serves as an advocate to protect the rights of all family members, including the fetus.
Maternal and child health nursing includes a high degree of independent nursing function because teaching and counseling
Promoting health and disease prevention are important nursing roles because these protect the health of the next generation.
Maternal and child health nurses serve as important resources for families during childbearing and childrearing as these can be extremely stressful times in a life cycle.
Personal, cultural, and religious attitudes and beliefs influence the meaning and impact of childbearing and childrearing on families.
Circumstances such as illness or pregnancy are meaningful only in the context of a total life..
Maternal and child health nursing is a challenging role for nurses and a major factor in keeping families well and optionally functioning.
American Nurses Association/ Society Of Pediatric Nurses
Standards of Care: ENUMERATE
❗ADOPIE❗
Comprehensive pediatric nursing care focuses on helping children and their family and communities achieve their optimum health potentials
This is best achieved within the framework of family-centered care and the nursing process,including primary secondary, tertiary care coordinated across health care and community settings.
Standard 1: Assessment
Standard 2: Diagnosis
Standard 3: Outcome Identification
Standard 4: Planning
Standard 5: Implementation
Standard 6: Evaluation
The pediatric nurse collects patient health data.
Standard 1: Assessment
The pediatric nurse analyzes the assessment data in determining diagnosis
Standard 2: Diagnosis
The pediatric nurse
identifies expected outcomes individualized to the child and the family.
Standard 3: Outcome Identification
The pediatric nurse develops a plan of care that prescribes interventions to obtain expected outcomes.
Standard 4: Planning
The pediatric nurse implements the interventions identified in the plan of care.
Standard 5: Implementation
The pediatric nurse evaluates the child’s and family’s progress toward attainment of outcomes.
Standard 6: Evaluation
Standards of Professional Performance: ENUMERATE
❗QPE CEC RR❗
Standard 1: Quality of Care
Standard 2: Performance Appraisal
Standard 3: Education
Standard 4: Collegiality
Standard 5: Ethics
Standard 6: Collaboration
Standard 7: Research
Standard 8: Resource Utilization
The pediatric nurse systematically evaluates the quality and effectiveness of pediatric nursing practice.
Standard 1: Quality of Care
The pediatric nurse evaluates his or her own nursing practice in relation to professional practice standards & relevant statutes and regulations.
Standard 2: Performance Appraisal
The pediatric nurse acquires and maintains current knowledge and competency in pediatric nurse practice.
Standard 3: Education
The pediatric nurse interacts with and contributes to the professional development of peers, colleagues and other health care providers.
Standard 4: Collegiality
The pediatric nurse’s assessment, actions, and recommendations on behalf of children and their families are determined in an ethical manner.
Standard 5: Ethics
The pediatric nurse collaborates with the child, family and other healthcare providers in providing client care.
Standard 6: Collaboration
The pediatric nurse contributes to nursing and pediatric health care through the use of research methods and finding.
Standard 7: Research
The pediatric nurse considers factors related to safety effectiveness, and cost in planning and delivering patient care.
Standard 8: Resource Utilization
17 ambitious goals of the UN
To reach by 2030
❗PH GEG❗
❗WEW IIC❗
❗RC LL PP❗
No poverty
Zero Hunger
Good Health and Well-being
Quality Education
Gender Equality
Clean Water and Sanitation
Affordable and Clean Energy
Decent Work and Economic Growth
Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
Reduced Inequalities
Sustainable Cities and Communities
Responsible Consumption and Production
Climate Action
Life Below Water
Life on Land
Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
Partnerships for the Goals
Statistics Related to the Measurement of of Maternal and Child Health
❗BFFNP MICC❗
Birth rate
Fertility rate
Fetal death rate
Neonatal death rate
Perinatal death rate
Maternal mortality rate
Infant mortality rate
Childhood mortality rate
Childhood morbidity rate
- ___________________ is the state of being unhealthy for a particular disease or situation, whereas 2.________________ is the number of deaths that occur in a population.
- Morbidity
- Mortality
The number of births per 1,000 population.
BIRTH RATE
The number of pregnancies per 1,000 women of childbearing age.
FERTILITY RATE
The fertility rate tends to be low in countries where there are fewer nutritional resources because poor nutrition makes conceiving difficult as well as in countries where the proportion of young adult men is low because of war or disease.
This rate tends to be high in countries where the average woman has access to good nutrition and feels safe to begin a family. The US fertility rate is currently at 62.9% a rate typical of a healthy high resource country.
yes
The number of fetal deaths (over 500 g) per 1,000 live births.
FETAL DEATH RATE
Fetal death before birth but greater than ____ weeks gestation occurs because of maternal factors (such as premature cervical dilation and maternal hypertension) and also because of fetal factors (such as chromosomal abnormalities or poor placental attachment).
20
Number of deaths per 1,000 live births occurring at birth or in the first 28 days of life.
NEONATAL DEATH RATE
The number of deaths during the perinatal time period (beginning when a fetus reaches 500 g, about week 20 of pregnancy, and ending about 4 to 6 weeks after birth)
PERINATAL DEATH RATE
It is the sum of the fetal and neonatal rates.
PERINATAL DEATH RATE
___________________________ is a key outcome indicator for newborn care and directly reflects prenatal intrapartum, and newborn care. It has also been proposed as a proxy measure of maternal health status and mortality, but a recent study has cast doubt on its use as a proxy for maternal mortality.
The PMR (Perinatal Mortality Rate)
The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births that occur as a direct result of the reproductive process.
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE
The number of deaths per 1,000 live births occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life.
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
The number of deaths per 1,000 population in children aged 1 to 14 years.
CHILDHOOD MORTALITY RATE
Health problems commonly occurring in large proportions of children today include respiratory disorders (including asthma and tuberculosis), gastrointestinal disturbances, and consequences of injuries.
Obesity rates for children aged 2-19 years average, now 17%. Obesity in school-aged children can lead to cardiovascular disorders, self-esteem issues in type 2 diabetes so counseling children about maintaining a healthy weight is an important nursing responsibility. Morbid obesity in pregnant women can lead to complications during pregnancy and birth and following birth.
CHILDHOOD MORBIDITY RATE
