MCN Flashcards
PAPASAAAAA AKO SA MCN
the external female reproductive organs are called
The vulva
-Its rounded, soft fullness of
subcutaneous fatty tissue, prominence over the symphysis pubis that forms
the anterior border of the external reproductive organs.
Mons Pubis
are two rounded, fleshy folds of tissue that extend from
the mons pubis to the perineum.
-It protects the labia minora, urinary meatus and vaginal introitus.
Labia Majora
It is located between the labia majora, are narrow.
-The lateral and anterior aspects are usually pigmented.
-The inner surfaces are similar to vaginal mucosa, pink and mois.
-Their rich vascularity.
Labia Minora
The term clitoris comes from a Greek word meaning key.
-Erectile organ.
-It’s rich vascular, highly sensitive to temperature, touch, and pressure sensation
Clitoris
- Is an oval-shaped area formed between the labia minora, clitoris, and fourchette.
-Vestibule contains the external
urethral meatus, vaginal introitus, and Bartholin’s glands.
Vestibule
-Is the most posterior part of the external female reproductive organs.
Perineum
It is an elastic fibro-muscular tube and membranous tissue about 8to10cm long.
Vagina
Function of the Vagina:
● To allow discharge of the menstrual flow.
● As the female organs of coitus.
● To allow passage of the fetus from the uterus.
To supports and protects the lower abdominal and internal reproductive organs.
Bony Pelvis
Is the outer peritoneal
layer of serous membrane that covers most of the uterus.
Perimetrium
Is the middle layer of
thick muscle.
Myometrium
- Is the inner layer of the uterus.
- It is responsive to the cyclic variations of estrogen and progesterone during the female reproductive every month.
Endometrium
Oval solid structure, 1.5 cm in
thickness, 2.5 cm in width and 3.5 cm in length respectively. Each weigh about 4-8 gm.
Ovaries
Structure of the ovaries
● Cortex
● Medulla
● Hilum
Function of the ovary:
● Secrete estrogen & progesterone.
● Production of ova
● Its normal position is anteverted (rotated
forward and slightly anteflexed (flexed
forward)
- The upper part is the corpus, or body of the uterus
- The fundus is the part of the body or corpus above the area where the fallopian tubes enter the uterus.
- Length about 5 cm.
Body of the uterus
- A narrower transition zone.
- Is between the corpus of the uterus and cervix.
- During late pregnancy, the isthmus elongates and is known as the lower uterine segment.
Isthmus
- The lowermost position of the uterus “neck”.
- The length of the cervix is about 2.5 to 3 cm.
Cervix
- The two tubes extended from the
cornus of the uterus to the ovary. - It runs in the upper free border of the
broad ligament. - Length 8 to 14 cm average 10 cm
- It’s divided into 4 parts
Fallopian tubes
What are the 4 parts of fallopian tubes
Interstitial part
Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Which runs into the uterine cavity, passes through the myometrium between the fundus and body of the uterus. About 1-2 cm in length
Interstitial part
- Which is the narrow part of the tube adjacent to the uterus.
- Straight and cord-like, about 2-3 cm in length.
Isthmus
● Which is the wider part about 5cm in length.
● Fertilization occurs in the ampulla
Ampulla
● It is funnel or trumpet shaped.
● Fimbriae are fingerlike processes, one of which is longer than the other and adherent to the ovary.
● The fimbriae become swollen almost erectile at ovulation.
Infundibulum
begins at the moment of conception and continues through life.
Reproductive Development
Sex assigned at birth is generally determined
at the moment of conception by chromosome information, which is supplied by the sperm
that joins with the ovum to create the new life.
Intrauterine Development
Puberty is the stage of life at which secondary sex changes begin.
Pubertal Development
● Androgenic hormones are the hormones responsible
for muscular development, physical growth, and the increase in sebaceous gland secretions that cause typical acne in both boys and girls during adolescence.
THE ROLEOFANDROGEN
● When triggered at puberty by FSH, ovarian follicles in females begin to excrete a high level of the hormone estrogen.
tHE ROLE OF ESTROGEN
In girls, pubertal changes typically
occur as:
Growth spurt——
Increase in the transverse diameter of
the pelvis
Breast development
Growth of pubic hair
Onset of menstruation
Growth of axillary hair
Vaginal secretions
Secondary sex characteristics of boys usually
occur in the order of:
Increase in weight——
Growth of testes
Growth of face, axillary, and pubic hair
Voice changes
Penile growth
Increase in height
Spermatogenesis (production of sperm)
The average age at which menarche (the first menstrual period) occurs is
12.4 age
The seminiferous tubule of each testis leads to a tightly coiled tube, the epididymis, which is responsible for conducting sperm from the tubule to the vas deferens,
EPIDIDYMIS
is an additional hollow tube surrounded by arteries and veins and protected by a thick fibrous coating
VAS DEFERENS
The seminal vesicles are two convoluted pouches that lie along the lower portion of the bladder and empty into the urethra by ejaculatory ducts.
SEMINAL VESICLES
the ridge of tissue formed by the posterior joining of the labia minora and the labia majora.
FOURCHETTE
it stretches during childbirth to allow enlargement of the
vagina and passage of the fetal head
PERINEAL MUSCLE
a tough but elastic semi-circle of tissue that covers the opening to the vagina during childhood
HYMEN
The mammary glands or breasts, form early in intrauterine life.
BREASTS
The first phase of menstrual cycle
Proliferative
The second phase of menstrual cycle
Secretory
The third phase of menstrual cycle
Ischemic
The fourth phase of menstrual cycle
Menses
The mucus of the uterine cervical so changes in structure and consistency each month during menstrual cycle.
CERVICALCHANGES
An interesting property of cervical mucus just before ovulation when estrogen levels are high is the ability to form fern-like patterns on a microscope slide when allowed to dry.
THE FERNTEST
is a multidimensional phenomenon that includes feelings, attitudes, and actions.
Sexuality
occurs with physical and psychological stimulation emotion, or thought) (sight, that parasympathetic nerve stimulation.
Excitement
The plateau stage is reached just before orgasm.
PLATEAU
occurs when stimulation proceed through the plateau stage to a point at which a vigorous contraction of muscles in the pelvic area expels or dissipates blood and fluid from the area of congestion.
ORGASM
is self-stimulation for erotic pleasure; it can also be a mutually enjoyable activity for sexual partners.
Masturbation
The resolution is a 30-minute period during which the external and internal genital organs return to an unaroused state.
resolution
what is located on each side of the uterus, below and behind the uterine tubes
Oval
Structure of the ovaries
● Cortex
● Medulla
● Hilum
