mcc 3030 midterm

Question 1

name and explain the traditions

Answer 1

ethnography - tells a cultures story

phenomenology - tells the story of peoples experience in a culture

Field Research - tells the story of a researcher in a culture

Grounded Theory - builds a framework within which many stories could be told

Question 2

name and explain the methods

Answer 2

participants observation - researcher becomes a participant in the culture could take months/years

direct observation - direct observer strives to be as unobstructed as possible to be unbiased

unstructured interview-

case study

focus grou p

unobstructed methods - indirect measures and content analysis

Question 3

analogous criteria

Answer 3

credibility - internal validity

transferability - external validity

dependability - reliability

confirmability - objectivity

Question 5

Nuremberg trials

Answer 5

physicians & researcher convicted for roles in human experimentation and mass murder under the ude of medical research

Question 6

Nuremberg code key principals

Answer 6

• voluntary consent
• beneficence
• right to withdraw
• qualified scientist
• freedom from coercion

Question 7

thaildomide tragedy

Answer 7

pregnant women given thalidomide causing drug side effects such as deformed limbs in babies

Question 8

Tuskegee syphilis study

Answer 8

observational study of the impacted of untreated syphilis in men

low income african american med lead to believe they were receiving treatment when they weren’t

Question 9

Belmont report

Answer 9

respect for people, vulnerable populations, informed voluntary participation, beneficence minimal risk

Question 10

sampling theories

Answer 10

law of large numbers - as the sample grows, the sample mean will get closer to the pop mean

central limit theorem - distribution of sample means will approximate a normal distribution regardless of the population’s distribution provide the sample size is large

Question 11

non probability sampling

Answer 11

accidental :using available participants

purposive:
modal instance - sampling most frewuent the mode

expert sampling - assembling people with known or demonstrated experience or expertise in a given area

Quota sampling - want to represent the major characteristics of the population by sampling a proportional amount of each, selecting people non-randomly

heterogeneity sampling - used when you want to include all opinions or views and are not concerned about responding the views proportionately

snowball sampling - finding a couple of people that fit the criteria of your study and asing them to recruit with the same criteria that they know

Question 12

probability sampling

Answer 12

simple random sample - using a random table, list, etccc

stratified random sampling -dividing the population in similar subgroups and then taking a random sample in each subgroup

systematic - determine randomly where you want to start selecting a sampling frame

cluster - dividing a geographical population by boundaries, sampling the clusters and measuring all units within the sampled clusters

Question 13

reliability

Answer 13

consistency or stability of an obersvation

Question 14

what is the true score theory

Answer 14

true ability + random error

Question 15

theory of reliabilty

Answer 15

higher correlation = more reliable

Question 16

inter rater

Answer 16

asses degree to which different raters/ observers give different estimates of the name phenomenon

Question 17

test retest

Answer 17

the test would have the same outcome no matter the time

Question 18

parallel forms reliability

Answer 18

different versions of an assessment tool that have the same outcome

Question 19

internal consistency

Answer 19

items in research should all be realted

Question 20

construct validity

Answer 20

operationalization - the act of translating a construct into its manifestation

Question 21

translation validity

Answer 21

face validity

content validity

Question 22

scaling

Answer 22

nominal - attributes are only named

ordinal - number of numbers rating on a scale from 1 -5

interval - no true zero

ration - true zero - temp stop watch