Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCAT PSYCH > MCAT PSYCH CH 11 > Flashcards

MCAT PSYCH CH 11 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
MCAT flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what are sensory receptors that detect stimuli from the outside world?

A

exteroceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

what are sensory receptors that respond to internal stimuli?

A

interoceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

5 types of sensory receptors

A
  1. mechanoreceptors
    2.chemoreceptors
    3.nocioreceptors
    4.thermoreceptors
    5.electromagnetic receptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are mechanoreceptors?

A

respond to mechanical disturbances

example: hair cells in the cochlea detects vibration from sound waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are chemoreceptors?

A

respond to particular chemicals

example: olfactory receptors and gustatory receptors (tastebuds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are nocioreceptors

A

pain receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are thermoreceptors?

A

stimulated by changes in temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are electromagnetic receptors?

A

simulated by electromagnetic waves

example: rods and cones (photoreceptors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the four properties of stimulus that needs to be communicated to the CNS?

A
  1. stimulus modality
  2. stimulus location
  3. stimulus intensity
  4. stimulus duration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what describes a decrease in firing frequency when the intensity of stimulus is constant?

A

Adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the nervous system is programmed to respond to ____ stimuli?

A

changing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

proprioceptors refers to?

A

awareness of self/body position/kinesthetic sense

example: muscle spindle - detects muscle stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is gustation?

A

taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is olfaction

A

smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 5 flavours taste receptors can distinguish?

A
  1. sweet (glucose)
  2. salty (Na+)
  3. bitter (basic)
  4. sour (acidic)
  5. umami (amino acids and nucleotides)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

taste receptors are known as?

A

taste buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a taste bud composed of?

A

taste pore with taste hairs that detect food chemicals

17
Q

what is a chemical signal that causes a social response?

A

pheromones

18
Q

what is the outer ear comprised of?

A
  1. auricle/pinna
  2. external auditory canal
19
Q

what divides the middle ear and outer ear?

A

tympanic membrane

20
Q

what are the three small bones that are in the middle ear?

A
  1. malleus (hammer)
  2. incus (anvil)
  3. stapes (stirrup)
21
Q

the malleus, incus and stapes are known as…

A

ossicles

22
Q

what divides the middle and inner ear?

A

oval window

23
Q

what are the four structures of the inner ear?

A
  1. cochlea
  2. semicircular canals
  3. utricle
  4. saccule
24
Q

what parts of the inner ear are important for a sense of balance?

A

semicircular canals and the otolithic organs (utricle and saccule)

25
Q

what releases excess pressure in the ear?

A

round window (a membrane covered hole in the cochlea)

26
Q

what is the mechanism of hearing?

A

sound waves enter autricle/pinna–> ossicles amplify sound vibrations –> endolymph –> haircells –> ion channels open send action potential to the brain

27
Q

What is the cause of ear popping and equalizes the pressure on both sides of the eardrum?

A

Eustachian tube (a.k.a the auditory tube)

28
Q

what can cause more frequent action potentials in auditory neurons?

A

larger vibrations

29
Q

what makes up the vestibular complex?

A

the three semicircular canals (utricle, saccules and ampullae)

30
Q

what fluid fills the semicircular canals?

A

endolymph

31
Q

what does the vestibular complex detect?

A

rotational acceleration of the head

32
Q

rods are more sensitive to what?

A

dim light and motion

33
Q

where are rods more concentrated in?

A

the periphery of the retina

34
Q

what is the term for normal vision?

A

emmetropia

35
Q

what is myopia?

A

nearsightedness

light is focused in front of the retina

36
Q

how is myopia corrected?

A

corrected by concave (diverging) lens

37
Q

what is hyperopia?

A

fartsightedness

light is focused behind the retina

38
Q

how is hyperopia corrected?

A

by a convex (converging) lens

39
Q

what is presbyopia?

A

inability to accommodate (focus)

-results of the loss of flexibility of the lens due to aging

40
Q
A
41
Q
A

MCAT PSYCH (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions