MBLEx Flashcards
1
Q
chinese massage
A
amma
2
Q
Japanese massage
A
Tsubo
3
Q
India Treatments
A
Ayurveda
4
Q
James Cyriax
A
Developed deep transverse friction, father of orthopedic medicine
5
Q
Celsus
A
Roman physician who wrote De Medicina
6
Q
Per Henrik Ling
A
Developed Swedish Gymnastics
7
Q
Douglas Graham
A
Popularized the term “massage” in America
8
Q
Johann Mezger
A
Developed terminology for massage strokes in French
9
Q
Charles Taylor
A
Introduced Medical Gymnastics to the US
10
Q
Emil Vodder
A
Developed lymphatic drainage
11
Q
Effleurage
A
Gliding strokes directed towards the heart
12
Q
Petrissage
A
Kneading strokes to loosen adhesions
13
Q
Vibration
A
Shaking or trembling movements to stimulate or sedate an area
14
Q
Tapotement
A
Percussion strokes that activate spindle cells
15
Q
Friction
A
Strokes that move across tissue
16
Q
Nerve Stroke
A
Very light form of effleurage
17
Q
Active Joint Movement
A
Client performs a movement without help from therapist
18
Q
Active Assistive Joint Movement
A
Client performs a movement with help from therapist
19
Q
Passive Joint Movement
A
Therapist performs movement with client completely relaxed
20
Q
Resistive Joint Movement
A
Client resists movement being performed by the therapist
21
Q
Assessment
A
A preliminary evaluation of the client before a treatment
22
Q
Unassisted Stretch
A
Client performs the stretch without the help of the therapist
23
Q
Assisted Stretch
A
Client performs stretch with help from the therapist
24
Q
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
A
Stretch until resistance is met, client performs an isometric contraction, then the stretch moves further
25
Reciprocal Inhibition
Forces a muscle to relax by contracting the antagonist muscle
26
Soft End Feel
Stoppage of range-of-motion due to muscle
27
Hard End Feel
Stoppage of range-of-motion due to bone
28
Empty End Feel
Stoppage of range-of-motion due to trauma to an area
29
Top Cover Draping
The linen used as the drape on top of the client
30
Full Sheet Draping
Wraps a client in a cocoon, used in wraps
31
Archer/Bow Stance
Feet placed parallel to the massage table
32
Horse/Warrior Stance
Feet placed perpendicular to the massage table
33
Endangerment Site
An area of the body that requires caution while massaging
34
Local Contraindication
Avoiding a specific area of the body while performing a massage
35
Absolute Contraindication
Anything that prevents a massage session from being performed
36
Aromatherapy
Using essential oils to restore or heal the client
37
Craniosacral Therapy
Releases blockages in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the cranium to the sacrum
38
Tuina
Modern Chinese massage
39
Turkish Bath
A sauna inside a large stone building
40
Vichy Shower
Shower performed on a water-proof table, utilizing seven shower heads
41
Swiss Shower
Standing shower utilizing sixteen shower heads
42
Lomi Lomi
Hawaiian massage similar to Swedish
43
Reflexology
Treating points on the hands, feet, and ears that correspond to internal tissues and organs
44
Reiki
Channeling energy into the client
45
Rolfing
Structural Realignment
46
Thai Massage
Clothed massage involving stretching, performed on the floor
47
Ida Rolf
Developed Rolfing
48
Certification
Obtained via educational requirements usually in a school setting
49
License
Jurisdictional requirement to regulate the practice of massage therapy
50
Reciprocity
License in one jurisdiction being recognized and accepted in another
51
Subjective
Information the client shares about themselves
52
Objective/Observation
Type of massage performed and measurable data
53
Assessment
Any changes in the client resulting from a massage
54
Plan
Any homework or treatment recommendations given to the client
55
Open-Ended Question
Questions used when asking for feedback from the client
56
Close-Ended Question
Questions used when looking for a yes-or-no response
57
Transference
Client viewing therapist similarly to a person in their early life
58
Counter-transference
Therapist bringing their own unresolved issues into the therapeutic relationship
59
Independent Contractor
Therapist who signs a contract to work for a person or business
60
Ethics
Guiding moral principles
61
Sole Proprietor
A business with only one owner
62
Partnership
Business with two or more owners
63
1099
Filed by Independent Contractors quarterly
64
Schedule C
Filed by sole proprietors, detailing tax and income information
65
Schedule K-1
Filed by partnership members, detailing tax and income information
66
W-2
Filed by employees, detailing tax and income information
67
Anatomy
Study of the structure of the human body
68
Physiology
Study of the function of the human body
69
Homeostasis
Maintaining a constant internal environment
70
Central Body Region
Consists of the head, neck, and trunk
71
Upper Limb
Consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
72
Lower Limb
Consists of the thigh, leg, ankle, and foot
73
Dorsal Body Cavity
Consists of the skull and vertebral column, protects the brain and spinal cord
74
Ventral Body Cavity
Consists of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis
75
Sagittal Plane
Splits the body into left and right sides, but not equally
76
Transverse/Horizontal Plane
Splits the body into superior and inferior
77
Frontal/Coronal Plane
Splits the body into anterior and posterior
78
Midsagittal Plane
Splits the body into equal left and right sides
79
Four Types of Tissue
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous
80
Epithelial Tissue
Type of tissue that protects, absorbs, and secretes, and is avascular
81
Connective Tissue
Type of tissue that connects, separates, protects, and makes blood
82
Muscular Tissue
Type of tissue that allows movement, beats the heart, and allows peristalsis
83
Nervous Tissue
Type of tissue that interprets sensation, mental activity, and controls muscle
84
Erythrocytes
Transport oxygen throughout the body, contain hemoglobin
85
Leukocytes
Protect the body against disease and eat dead cells and debris
86
Thrombocytes
Clot the blood
87
Plasma
Fluid portion of blood
88
Blast Cells
Germ cells that build the extracellular matrix
89
Clast Cells
Cells that break down the extracellular matrix
89
Dendrites
Finger-like projections that receive action potentials and bring them into the neuron
90
Vena Cava
Largest vein in the body
90
Tricuspid Valve
Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
91
Bicuspid Valve
Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
92
Aorta
Largest artery in the body
93
Arteries
Largest blood vessels, carry blood away from the heart
94
Veins
Carry blood towards the heart
95
Oral Cavity
Contains tongue, teeth, and salivary glands, performs mastication
96
Liver
Detoxifies toxins from the blood, produces bile
97
Gallbladder
Stores bile and empties bile into the duodenum
98
Small Intestine
Absorbs nutrients into the blood stream after digestion
99
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
Descending order of the small intestine
100
Large Intestine
Converts chyme to feces, absorbs water, and eliminates waste
101
Four Sections of Large Intestine
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
102
Esophageal Sphincter
Located between the pharynx and esophagus
103
Cardiac Sphincter
Located between the esophagus and stomach
104
Pyloric Sphincter
Located between the stomach and small intestine
105
Ileocecal Sphincter
Located between the small intestine and large intestine
106
Endocrine Glands
Produce hormones and secrete them into the blood
107
Pituitary Gland
Produces growth hormone, prolactin, and follicle-stimulating hormone.
108
Ovaries
Produce oocytes and progesterone
109
Testes
Produce testosterone
110
Integumentary System
Consists of skin, hair, nails, glands. Protects the body
111
Sudoriferous Glands
Produce sweat
112
Sebaceous Glands
Produce sebum (oil)
113
Pacinian Corpuscles
Detect deep pressure
114
Meissner's Corpuscles
Detect light pressure
115
Nociceptors
Detect pain
116
Spleen
Removes old red blood cells from the blood stream
117
Isometric Contraction
Muscle length stays the same, tension in the muscle changes
118
Isotonic Contraction
Muscle length changes, tension remains constant
119
Concentric Contraction
Muscle length decreases, tension in the muscle remains constant
120
Eccentric Contraction
Muscle length increases, tension in the muscle remains constant
121
Prime Mover/Agonist
Muscle responsible for producing a movement
122
Synergist
Muscle that assists the prime mover in performing an action
123
Antagonist
Muscle that performs the opposite action of an agonist
124
Thyroid
Produces calcitonin
125
Central Nervous System
Consists of the brain and spinal cord
126
Peripheral Nervous System
Consists of nerves
127
Cerebellum
Regulates muscle tone, balance, and coordination
128
Spinal Nerves
31 pairs
129
Cranial Nerves
Twelve pairs
130
Sympathetic Response
"Fight or flight", increases heart rate
131
Alveoli
Where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood takes place
132
Larynx
Allows speech
133
Parasympathetic Response
"Rest and digest", decreases heart rate, allows peristalsis
134
Diaphragm
Muscle responsible for repiration
135
Axial Skeleton
Consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
136
Sagittal Suture
Connects the parietal bones together
137
Lambdoid Suture
Connects the occipital bone to the parietal bones
138
Squamous Suture
Connects the temporal and parietal bone together
139
Coronal Suture
Connects the frontal and parietal bone together
140
Cervical region
Contains seven vertebrae
141
Thoracic region
Contains twelve vertebrae
142
Lumbar region
Contains five vertebrae
143
Pairs of ribs
Twelve pairs
144
Floating ribs
Protect the kidneys
145
Appendicular Skeleton
Consists of the upper limb, lower limb, pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle
146
Trapezium
Articulates with the metacarpal of the thumb, makes the saddle joint
147
Talus
Articulates with the tibia to make the talocrural joint
148
Synarthrotic
Non-movable joint
149
Diarthrotic
Freely movable joint
149
Kidneys
Filter waste from the blood, regulate electrolytes
150
Amphiarthrotic
Somewhat movable joint
151
Ureters
Transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
152
Urinary Bladder
Stores urine
153
Uretha
Transports urine from bladder out of the body
154
Anemia
Lack of oxygen-carrying ability of blood due to lack of iron/hemoglobin
155
Aneurysm
Weakening in the wall of an artery, causing the artery wall to bulge out
156
Thoracic Duct
Largest lymph vessel, drains into the left subclavian vein
157
Atherosclerosis
Fatty plaque buildup in the arteries
158
Hypertension
High blood pressure
158
Heart Murmur
Blood flowing backwards in the heart due to malfunctioning valves
159
Raynaud's Syndrome
Vasoconstriction in the fingers and toes, reducing blood flow
160
Phlebitis
Vein inflammation
161
Varicose Veins
Swelling of veins as a result of valves malfunctioning
161
Myocardial Infarction
Death of heart tissue
162
Chloecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
163
Cirrhosis
Destruction of liver cells, giving liver a cobblestone appearance
164
Diverticulosis
Formation of small pouches that protrude from the large intestine
165
Hepatitis
Viral infection causing inflammation of the liver
166
Type I Diabetes
Body not having enough insulin in it
167
Type II Diabetes
Body becoming desensitized to insulin
168
Hyperthyroidism
Increased thyroid production, results in goiter and sensitivity to heat
169
Hypothyroidism
Lack of thyroid hormone in the body, causes fatigue, weight gain, and sensitivity to cold
170
Acne
Localized skin infection caused by blockage of glands, stress, or testosterone production
171
Athlete's Foot
"Tinea Pedis", fungal infection on the feet
172
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Form of skin cancer. Slowest growing, most common, least serious form
173
First Degree Burn
Burn affecting only the epidermis
174
Second Degree Burn
Burn moving through the epidermis into the dermis which results in blisters
175
Decubitus Ulcer
Ulcerations caused by prolonged pressure placed on a localized area, resulting in necrosis
176
Cellulitis
Staphylococcus infection of the skin which enters the body through wounds
177
Third Degree Burn
Burn moving through all layers of the skin resulting in necrosis and scarring
178
Herpes Simplex
Virus resulting in cold sores around the mouth during flare-ups
179
Impetigo
Staphylococcus infection resulting in honeycomb patches around the mouth, nose, and other mucous membranes
180
Malignant Melanoma
Overproduction of melanin resulting in tumors that can spread
181
Psoriasis
Autoimmune disorder causing increased production of epithelial cells in the skin
182
Ringworm
"Tinea Corporis", fungal infection causing raised red-ringed patches on the skin
183
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of diverticular pouches which can ulcerate and become infected
184
Sebaceous Cyst
Blockage of sebaceous gland, resulting in formation of a membrane around it
185
Wart
Epidermal protrusion caused by the human papilloma virus
186
Tenosynovitis
Inflammation of a tendon and its protective sheath
187
Lymphedema
Swelling of extremities as a result of too much lymph in an area
188
Lupus
Autoimmune disorder which attacks the body's connective tissues
189
Pitting Edema
Swelling resulting in pits in the skin after applying pressure
190
Golfer's Elbow
Inflammation at the medial epicondyle of the humerus, affects flexors of the wrist
191
Tennis Elbow
Inflammation at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, affects the extensors of the wrist
192
193
Muscular Dystrophy
Autoimmune disorder resulting in destruction of muscle tissue and muscle atrophy
194
Strain
Injury to a tendon or muscle
195
Tendonitis
Inflammation of a tendon usually caused by overuse
196
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Entrapment of the brachial plexus by hypertonic pectoralis minor and scaleness
197
Bell's Palsy
Compression of or injury to the Facial Nerve causing paralysis on one side of the face
198
Meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges caused by bacteria or virus
199
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Compression of the median nerve by the tranverse carpal ligament causing loss of sensation in the hand
200
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain, usually caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes
201
Multiple Sclerosis
Autoimmune disorder causing destruction of the myelin sheaths surrounding axons in the central nervous system
202
Parkinson's Disease
Reduction of the neurotransmitter dopamine, leading to tremors and shaking
203
Sciatica
Compression of the sciatic nerve, causing pain in the thigh and leg
204
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Compression of or injury to the trigeminal nerve causing intense pain in the face
205
Asthma
Irritation of bronchial tubes by allergens or emotional stress, spasms of smooth muscle
206
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes by constant irritation or other infections
207
Emphysema
Destruction of the alveoli in the lungs causing increased air retention and decreased oxygen intake
208
Influenza
Viral infection of the respiratory tract, highly contagious
209
Laryngitis
Inflammation of the larynx, can be caused by irritation or infection
210
Pneumonia
Streptococcal infection which results in increased fluid in the lung alveoli
211
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Autoimmune disorder causing degeneration of the intervertebral discs
212
Baker's Cyst
Cyst behind the knee caused by escape of synovial fluid
213
Bursitis
Inflammation of a bursa, usually with fluid buildup
214
Dislocation
Displacement of bone from its normal location
215
Fracture
A break in a bone
216
Gout
Excessive amounts of uric acid in the body, results in inflamed big toe
217
Herniated Disc
Protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the annulus fibrosis
218
Kyphosis
Also called Dowager's Hump, it is a hyper-curvature of the thoracic vertebrae
219
Lordosis
Hyper-curvature of the lumbar vertebrae, usually caused by tight psoas major or weak rectus abdominis
220
Osteoarthritis
Erosion of the cartilage of articulating bones, causing inflammation
221
Osteoporosis
Degeneration of bone tissue resulting from lack of estrogen and calcium in bones
222
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Autoimmune disorder causing destruction of synovial membranes, replacing them with thick fibrous material
223
Scoliosis
Lateral curvature of the vertebrae
224
Sprain
Injury to a ligament
225
Cystitis
Bacterial infection of the urinary bladder
226
Uremia
Excessive amounts of urea in the blood stream
227
Urinary Tract Infection
Bacterial infection affecting both the urethra and bladder
228
Acromion Process
Origin: Middle Deltoid
Insertion: Trapezius
229
Coracoid Process
Origin: Coracobrachialis Short Head of Biceps B.
Insertion: Pectoralis Minor
230
Superior Angle of the Scapula
Insertion: Levator Scapulae
231
Spine of the Scapula
Origin: Posterior Deltoid
Insertion: Trapezius
232
Inferior Angle of the Scapula
Origin: Teres Major
233
Lateral Border of the Scapula
Origin: Teres Minor
234
Medial Border of the Scapula
Insertion: Rhomboids Major and Rhomboids Minor
Serratus Anterior
235
Subscapular Fossa
Origin: Subscapularis
236
Supraspinous Fossa
Origin: Supraspinatus
237
Infraspinous Fossa
Origin: Infraspinatus
238
Greater Tubercle of the Humerus
Insertion: Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
239
Lesser Tubercle of the Humerus
Insertion: Subscapularis
240
Intertubercular/Bicipital Groove
Insertion: Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Pectoralis Major
241
Deltoid Tuberosity
Insertion: Deltoids
242
Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus
Origin: Flexors of the Wrist
243
Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus
Origin: Extensors of the Wrist
244
Radial Tuberosity
Insertion: Biceps Brachii
245
Styloid Process of the Radius
Insertion: Brachioradialis
246
Olecranon Process
Insertion: Triceps Brachii
247
Coronoid Process of the Ulna
Insertion: Brachialis
248
Ulnar Tuberosity
Insertion: Brachialis
249
Iliac Crest
Origin: Latissimus Dorsi
250
Iliac Fossa
Origin: Iliacus
251
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Origin: Sartorius
252
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Origin: Rectus Femoris
253
Superior Ramus of the Pubis
Origin: Pectineus
254
Inferior Ramus of the Pubis
Origin: Adductor Magnus Gracilis
255
Ischial Tuberosity
Origin: Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris
Adductor Magnus
256
Body of the Pubis
Origin: Adductor Longus
257
Greater Trochanter
Insertion: Piriformis
258
Linea Aspera
Insertion: Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Pectineus
259
Adductor Tubercle
Insertion: Adductor Magnus
260
Lesser Trochanter
Insertion: Iliacus
Psoas Major
261
Medial Epicondyle and Lateral Epicondyle of the Femur
Origin: Gastrocnemius
262
Gluteal Tuberosity
Insertion: Gluteus Maximus
263
Pes Anserinus
Insertion: Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
264
Tibial Tuberosity
Insertion: Rectus Femoris
265
Head of the Fibula
Origin: Peroneus Longus
Soleus
Insertion: Biceps Femoris
266
Soleal Line
Origin: Soleus
267
Elevation of the Scapula
Levator Scapulae
Upper Fibers of Trapezius
268
Depression of the Scapula
Lower Fibers of Trapezius
269
Retraction/Adduction of the Scapula
Rhomboids Middle Fibers of Trapezius
270
Protraction/Abduction of the Scapula
Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Minor
271
Flexion of the Shoulder
Pectoralis Major
Coracobrachialis
Biceps Brachii
Anterior Deltoid
272
Extension of the Shoulder
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
273
Abduction of the shoulder
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
274
Adduction of the Shoulder
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Subscapularis
275
Medial Rotation of the Shoulder
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Subscapularis
Pectoralis Major
276
Lateral Rotation of the Shoulder
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
277
Horizontal Adduction of the Shoulder
Pectoralis Major
Coracobrachialis
278
Horizontal Abduction of the Shoulder
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
279
Flexion of the Elbow
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
280
Extension of the Elbow
Triceps Brachii
281
Supination of the Forearm
Biceps Brachii
Supinator
282
Pronation of the Forearm
Pronator Teres
283
Flexion of the Hip
Rectus Femoris
Sartorius
Iliacus
Psoas Major
284
Extension of the Hip
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris
Gluteus Maximus
285
Abduction of the Hip
Piriformis
Gluteus Maximus
286
Adduction of the Hip
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Gracilis
Pectineus
287
Flexion of the Knee
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris
Gastrocnemius
288
Extension of the Knee
Rectus Femoris
289
Plantarflexion of the Ankle
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Peroneus Longus
290
Dorsiflexion of the Ankle
Tibialis Anterior
291
Inversion/Supination of the Foot
Tibialis Anterior
292
Eversion/Pronation of the Foot
Peroneus Longus
292
Phrenic Nerve
Diaphragm
293
Vagus Nerve
Heart
294
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
294
Axillary Nerve
Deltoid Teres Minor
295
Radial Nerve
Triceps Brachii
Brachioradialis
Extensors of the Wrist
296
Ulnar Nerve
Flexors of the Wrist
297
Sciatic Nerve
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris
298
Median Nerve
Flexors of the Wrist
299
Femoral Nerve
Rectus Femoris
Sartorius
Iliacus
300
Obturator Nerve
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Gracilis
301
Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Peroneus Longus
302
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Tibialis Anterior
303
Tibial Nerve
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
