Maya, Inca, Aztec

Question 1

1. Where is Chichen Itza located?
2. Which civilization did it belong to?

Answer 1

1. Mexico
2. Maya

Question 2

1. What do the steps of the El Castillo temple represent?
2. Which civilization did it belong to?

Answer 2

1. The steps represent the Mayan calendar (365 steps for 365 days)
2. Maya

Question 3

What is a ‘cenote’?

Answer 3

A giant underground cave

Question 4

?

Answer 4

?

Question 5

What are some things found in the Mayan cenote?

Answer 5

Ceramic offerings, animal bones, a knife, and human sacrifices such as skulls

Question 6

What are two functions of ‘cenotes’?

Answer 6

1. They provided life-giving water
2. They had great religious importance

Question 7

Why did the Aztec participate in human sacrifice?

Answer 7

1. They believed that in order to receive necessities such the sun they had to give what was most precious to them, human life
2. Another theory is that they needed the protein, cannibalism
3. Intimidation (skull racks were displayed at the bottom of rulers homes/temples)

Question 8

The Aztec capital was built in _____ after the Aztec were banished thereby rival forces. The Aztec capital _____, does not exist today because _______ was built on top of it.

Answer 8

The Aztec capital was built in LAKE TEXCOCO after the Aztec were banished thereby rival forces. The Aztec capital TENOCHTITLAN, does not exist today because MEXICO CITY was built on top of it.

Question 9

The Aztecs used _______ to greatly increase the farmland to grow food for the rising population.

Answer 9

Chinampas

Question 10

To honor the gods, a massive pyramid known as the Great Temple was built by the Aztecs. It featured two staircases, one for _____ and the other for ____.

Answer 10

Rain and war

Question 11

The Aztec empire reached its peak under the rule of….

Answer 11

Montezuma II

Question 12

Who led the conquistadors? What impact did they have on the Aztecs?

Answer 12

1. Hernando Cortes
2. The Spanish soldiers kidnapped Montezuma II and made him into a puppet ruler. They cut the Aztec off from the mainland and defeated them by 1521. By the end of the 16th century the native population was reduced by approximately by 90% percent as a result of European diseases.

Question 13

Where was each civilization located?

Answer 13

1. Maya: Yucatan peninsula
2. Inca: Peru, in the Andes Mountain Range
3. Aztec: Mexico

Question 14

What were some similarities between the civilizations? What were some differences?

Answer 14

Similarities:
1. They had no metal or tools
2. They worshiped deities/gods
3. They were captured and killed by Spaniards and the disease they brought
4. They all participated in sacrifice

Differences:
1. They were each lived during a different time period and in different locations
2. Different terrains. The Inca were located in an area with thick vegetation that was very mountainous, the Aztec were located on water, and the Maya were located on flat ground.
3. Each had its own achievements (Maya build observatories, Aztec was the largest empire in mesoamerica, Inca had strong central government).

Question 15

Who was the most important ruler of the Inca?

Answer 15

Pachacuti

Question 16

Who was the most important ruler of the Aztec?

Answer 16

Montezuma II

Question 17

Which civilization invented and used the quipu?

Answer 17

Inca

Question 18

Which civilization built Machu Pichu?

Answer 18

Inca

Question 19

Who discovered the Inca civilization?

Answer 19

Hiram Bingham

Question 20

Who conquered the Maya? What about the Aztec? Or the Inca?

Answer 20

Maya: Hernán Cortés
Aztec: Hernando Cortes
Inca: Francisco Pizarro

Question 21

Who was the most important ruler of the Maya?

Answer 21

Pakal the Great

Question 22

What order were the civilizations around?

Answer 22

First Maya, then Aztec, then Inca