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Diplomate exam > Maxillofacial > Flashcards

Maxillofacial Flashcards

1
Q

Lone protrudor mandible

A

Lateral pterygoid

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2
Q

Inward displacement mandible

A

Lateral and medial pterygoid

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3
Q

Vertical buttress

A

Nasomax
Pterygomax
Zygomatfront
Zygomatmax

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4
Q

Maximum bite forces(3)

A

200-300n incisors
300-600n premolar
500-700n molars

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5
Q

Forces acting on the mandible

A

Tension
Compression
Torsion (symphysis)

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6
Q

Observation and ff up for a greenstick considered a

A

Treatment

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7
Q

4 surgical steps in fx management

A

Adequate exposure

Fragment reduction : goal establish preinjury bone anatomy prior to reduction

Adequate internal fixation

Meticulous wound closure - muscle and periosteal resuspension

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8
Q

Bone healing

A

Primary - no motion across fx. Only titanium

Secondary- callous formation
No BH

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9
Q

Secondary bh cascade?

A

Hematoma - fibroblasts occur

Granulation/connective tissue formation - increased stiffness

Compact bone - mineralization from fragment ends toward center of fracture gap.

Do reduction <2 weeks to prevent cascade

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10
Q

Delayed union?

A

Clinically prolonged healing period but cascade is similar

<3 mos healing

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11
Q

Non union bh?

A

> 3mos healing

Fragment ends too wide

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12
Q

Le fort 1 (guerin)

A

Horizontal sep maxilla. From base of maxillary sinus to lower border nasal septum and pterygoid

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13
Q

5 articulations of zm:

A 
Frontal process/zf butres
Zm buttress/zm but
Inf orbital rim
Zyg arch
Zygosphenoid /zs but
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14
Q

If 2 point fixation zmc?

A

Zf and zm (if 2 point)

Zm- strongest mastication butress
Zf- strongest butress

Ideally 5 point fixation

If 1 point either zf or zm

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15
Q

Accuracy of reduction in desc

A 
Zs
Zygomatic arch
Zm but
Infraorbital room
Zf shture line
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16
Q

Stable fix

A 
Zm
Zf
zs
Zygo arch
Infraorbital rim
17
Q

Blow out fx types?

A

Pure only orbital floor

Impure may orbital rim

18
Q

Where teardrop sign seen

A

Waters view xray

19
Q 
Kazanjian and Converse
Forces per square inch to fracture?
Frontal?
Nasal?
Premaxilla?
Mentum to the mandible?
Condyle?
Zygoma?
A 
120-180G
39-80G
150G
70-110G
35-80G 
50-80G
20
Q

Timing of reduction after nasal bone injury?

A

Asap 1-2 h after injury
After 2-3 days for swelling to subside
<10 days before fibrous development (10-14d)

21
Q

Nasal bone reduction possible until how many days?

A

21 days

22
Q

Intranasal packs are in place for how long?

A

3-5days

23
Q

Nasal splints are in place for how long?

A

7-10days

24
Q

Mandibular body is until what area?

A

Between 2nd and 3rd molar

25
Q

Classification of dentures?

A

Class I - dentulous, dentition on both sides of the fx

Class II - some dentition present

Class III - completely edentulous

26
Q

Comprises mandibular xray series?

A

APO

27
Q

For condylar fx, what x ray view can be used?

A

High townes view

28
Q

Imaging of choice for mandibular fx?

A

Panorex

29
Q

How many screws for screw IMF?

A

4-6

30
Q

Absolute indications for open reduction of condylar fx? (4)

A
  1. Condylar displacement into middle fossa
  2. Inability to obtain reduction
  3. Lateral extracapsular displacement of the condyle
  4. Invasion by a foreign body
31
Q

What are the indirect signs of fracture on ct?

A

Air fluid level
Complete opacification of the sinus with blood
Gas outside the sinus

32
Q

Divisions of occipital bone?

A

Basioccipital
Condylar
Squamosal

33
Q

Strane and robertson classification of nasal fractures by depth of injury?

A

Plane 1: anterior nasal spine, anterior septum, lower ends of the nasal bones

Plane 2: greater nasal bone fracture but does not involve the orbital rims

Plane 3: NOE complex disruption

Diplomate exam (7 decks)

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