Maxillary tuberosity fractures

Question 1

What are the tooth related risk factors for a max tub #?

Answer 1

Bulbous roots
Dilacerated or divergent roots
Lone standing/last standing molar
Deeply impacted upper third molars
Hypercementosis
Ankylosis
Fused teeth
Multi-rooted

Question 2

What are the anatomical non-tooth related risk factors for a max tub #?

Answer 2

Large sinus Expanding to extent of tuberosity Roots extending into sinus
Resorbed maxilla (especially following premature loss of first molar)
Sclerotic tuberosity

Question 3

What are the pathological related risk factors for a max tub #?

Answer 3

Large PA infection
Cystic change

Question 4

What are the procedural related risk factors for a max tub #?

Answer 4

Unsupported extraction technique
Removal of multiple teeth in the maxilla, leaving distal tooth to last
Excessive force application

Question 5

What are the cateogories of max tub # according to dental update?

Answer 5

Type 1- Small bony tuberosity, firmly attached to the last standing molar
Type 2- A fracture involving another tooth, which was not planned for removal, bearing a portion of bone
Type 3- A fracture involving a significant portion of the edentulous bony floor of the antrum in the absence of adjacent teeth