Matthew and Mark Flashcards
Five Horizontal Zones
- Above (upper) Galilee ( Wet/ Inaccessible)
- Beside (lower) Galilee (Jesus’ home )
- Carmel and Jezreel (Baal)
- Negev (south/Dry )- Below dead sea
- Desert (wilderness)- Peninsula
Five vertical zones
- Coastal Plain
- Shephelah
- Central Mountain range
- Syrian- African ( Jordan) rift
- Eastern Plateau
Geography of Palestine
Five vertical Zones Five Horizontal Zones Four seas Three continents Two Worlds One God
Four Seas
Mediterranean Sea
Sea of Galilee
Dead Sea
Red Sea
Three Continents
Europe
Asia
Africa
Two Worlds
Land of Honey
Land of Milk
Land of Honey
North- Less space, more water Farmers - Predictable -Noisy and congested -Manageable Focus on -Extras -People as individuals Nominal religion Mixture of Judaism & Hellenism
Land Of Milk
South- More space, less water Shepherds life is -unpredictable -silent and lonely -exhausting Focus on -Essentials -People in community people are spiritual- Center of Hebrew worship
Family life in Israel
Labor & Occupations Food production Banking/Dept Crafts/Manufacturing Leisure/ games Travel/ Language Marriage Religion Death & Burial
Labor and Occupations
Honorable Dishonorable slave Trade guilds Food Production - Agriculture -fishing - Shepherds
Matthew 22:37-38 NIV
[37] Jesus replied: “ ‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’ [38] This is the first and greatest commandment.
Banking, Travel & Language
Money Changers
Pax Roman ( Roman Peace)
Multi-lingual ( Greek, Aramaic, Latin)
Fun & Games
State Supported Large Masses of people - Circus Maximus -Coliseum -Arenas -Gymnasiums -Public baths Political overtones Theatrical performances
Death and Burial
80% died before the age of 30
Cremation/ Burial options
Celebrations in the tombs
Ossuaries
New Testament Culture
Hellenistic ( Greek Influence )
what happened in AD 70?
The destruction of Jerusalem ( the temple was destroyed)
3 Different Herod’s
Herod the Great (King, all of Palestine, 37-4 B.C; Matthew 2:1-18) Herod Archelaus (Ethnarch, Judea, Idumea and Samaria, 4 BC - 6 AD; Matthew 2: 19-23) Herod Antipas (Tetrarch, Galilee and Perea, 4BC- 39 AD; Matt 14:1-12; Luke 23: 1-12 )
Herod Antipas
Committed Adultery by marrying his half brother’s wife
Involved in the Murder of John the baptist
He was Banished to Gaul ( France)
Bar Kochba Revolt
132- 135 AD
Messianic Pretender
Devastation of Jerusalem
Jesus as Teacher
Reveals his humanity
Gospel
Evangelion - The good news
What the Gospels portray
Jesus as an extraordinary person Jesus as the fulfillment of prophecy Jesus' life and ministry Jesus' crucifixion Jesus' resurrection Jesus' exaltation gift of the Holy Spirit Jesus' return call to repentance
The kerygma
the message being preached- preaching
Preservation of the Gospel
Ability to memorize memorable form o gospel materials (pericopes) repetition reverence for sacred materials few intermediaries
Written record- Why didn’t it come sooner?
absorbed in evangelizing
anticipation of the second coming
sacredness of oral tradition
God’s timing
Why was the written Gospel needed?
growth of the church death of eyewitnesses second coming unpredictable heresy and attacks instruction of new converts
Types of Gospels
Synoptic- “seeing together” ( Matthew, Mark, Luke)
John’s
Non - Canon stories about Jesus
Similarities in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke
Wording
Order
Content
Lengths
The Marcan Hypothesis
Mark has 661 verses
Matthew has a total of 1068 verses- 500 borrowed from mark,235 from an unknown source(Q) and 333 unique to his gospel account
Luke has a total of 1149 verses- 350 borrowed from mark,235 from an unknown source(Q) and 564 unique to his gospel account
Four reasons for Markan Priority
Length
Grammar
Harder Words
Little of Matthew/ Luke not of Mark
Contrast between the Synoptic Gospels and John
Ministry location- Galilee- Judea
Form of Preaching- Public Parables- Private discourses
Aspects of Jesus - Outward human - Inward divine
Gospel account - presentation of Jesus- Interpretations
When was Matthew written ?
Most likely written in 65-70 AD before the of Jerusalem in AD 70
Historical Matthew
Firs referred by Ignatius of Antioch
What are the 3 aspects of Jesus?
Jesus as Messiah
Jesus as Teacher
Jesus as King
Jesus as the messiah
Reveals his divinity
Fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy
Interpretation of the OT law
Confrontation with the pharisees
Rabbi
teacher, master
Jesus as King
reveals both his divinity and humanity
Matthew 27:11
Sermon on the mount
chapters 5:1-7:28
9 beatitudes
3 fold practice of almsgiving, prayer and fasting
6 statement which begin “you have heard it said…but i say”
Instructions to his disciples
chapters 10:1-11:1
Kingdom parables
13:1-53/ 7 parables in this chapter
Lifestyle in the kingdom
18:1-19:1
Jesus unlike a Rabbi?
He spoke as one who had authority-different from other rabbis, he healed people, his use of amen or very truly I tell you
Melek
King foung 2700 in the OT
Only in Matthew
The genealogy of Jesus
Only instance of dreams in the NT
Jerusalem referred to as Holy City
