Matters Of Life And Death Flashcards
Complete this quote from John 14:1-2 - “there is life after death….
“….. With God”
Complete this quote from Corinthians 15: 42-44 - “The body is….”
“….. Transformed at death”
Spiritualism
An attempt to communicate with the spirits of the dead
What are spiritualist meetings called?
Séances
Poltergeists
A belief in a “noisy” ghost
Moksha
When the atman is reunited with Brahman
Dharma
Hindu word for duty
What kind of a belief is Samsara?
Dualistic
Atman
The eternal essence of an individual
Samsara
The Hindu cycle of life
Complete this quote from the Bhagavad-Gita - “Just as a man discards old clothes and buys new ones….
“…. The atman discards worn out bodies and enters new ones”
Complete this quote from Aquinas - “The natural condition of a human soul…..
“…. Is to be united with a body”
Complete this quote from Matthew 25:41-46 “The spirit wants to do what is right….”
“…. But the body is weak”
Post-mortem existence
Continuing to exist in some way after death
Parapsychology
Spiritualists claim that after death there is a spirit world to which people go
What are the four mental elements referred to in Buddhism?
~ Feeling
~ Perception
~ Moral will
~ Nama-rupa (consciousness)
What is the end of rebirth referred to as in Buddhism?
Nirvana
What do Buddhists mean when they refer to karma?
An action that is deliberately willed
Which is more important for Buddhists - Intention or outcome?
Intention - Good actions aim to produce happiness and kindness
Complete this quote from the Ecumenial council of Trent in 1945 - “God does not want any to perish, but….
“… All to come to repentance”
Complete this quote from Bertrand Russell - “The world is better understood without….”
“…. God and an afterlife”
What does the ‘Particular Judgement’ of Christianity refer to?
The moment of death at which God judges us
What does the beatific vision of Catholicism refer to?
The moment at which Catholics believe us to meet God and be judged on whether we will go to heaven or hell
Idealism
The belief that our reality is a projection of our ideals
What does Plato’s Sarx refer to?
The physical part of the body
What does Plato’s psyche refer to?
The emotional and physical sensations that make us desire things - the soul
What does Plato’s pneuma refer to?
The spirit - rational part of the human being
Complete this quote from Aristotle - “To attain any assured knowledge of the soul is..”
“… One of the most difficult things in the world”
Name the thinker who said “There is no spirit driven life force”
Richard Dawkins
In Hick’s analogy of the candle what do the flame and candle represent?
The flame
~ Represents the personality
~ Contains elements of the body but can be moved
The candle
~ The body
Name the thinker who said “Life after death could be as a resurrection replica in a different world altogether”
John Hick
Name the philosopher who said “Cogito ergo sum”
René Descartes
Name the philosopher who said “There is a little gland in the brain where the soul exercises it’s functions more particularly than in the other parts of the body”
René Descartes
Explain Plato’s argument from the cycle of opposites
Everything comes into being from its opposite being so those who are dead have experienced a change from being alive and those who are alive were once among the dead but experienced a change. This is being born.
Explain Plato’s argument of knowledge
That which we perceive as learning is actually remembering what the soul knew in the realm of the forms
According to Aristotle what is the nous?
The rational part of the individual human soul
Explain Aristotle’s analogy of the axe
If an axe were a living thing it’s body would be wood and metal. It’s soul would be the thing that made it an axe, for example it’s ability to chop. If it lost the ability to chop it ceases to become an axe. Likewise we need our soul as it gives us the nous
Was John Hick (1922-2012) a dualist or monist?
Neither, his replica theory is somewhere in between
According to Dawkins how can humans survive death?
Through the memories of their loved ones or their genes being passed on to offspring
Explain the ‘Ghost in a machine’ theory presented by Gilbert Ryle (1900-76)
The ghost represents the perceived soul which Ryle does not believe exists and the machine represents the body
What alternate theory did Gilbert Ryle (1900-76) present?
Philosophical behaviourism - the view that supposed mental events just refer to complex patterns of behaviour
Define disembodied existence
The belief that part of humans can live on after death
Purgatory
The place where Catholics believe that souls go after death to be purified
