Matter/ Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

Matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space.

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2
Q

Atom

A

the smallest piece of an element that still has the properties of that element.

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3
Q

Element

A

a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary means. Example: hydrogen.

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4
Q

Mixture

A

contains more than one element or compound spread among each other. Mixtures have the properties of the substances they are made of. Mixtures can be separated without a chemical change, example by filtering.

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5
Q

Compound

A

made of two or more different kinds of atoms joined together (by a chemical reaction). Compounds have properties which are different from those of the elements they are made of.

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6
Q

Physical Change

A

change where a physical property of matter is altered, but the substance remains the same kind of matter.

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7
Q

Chemical Change

A

change matter undergoes when it turns into a new substance.

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8
Q

Atomic Number

A

elements are arranged in order by their atomic number. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom/element.

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9
Q

Atomic Mass (weight)

A

the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. (rounded to the nearest whole number for our class.)

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10
Q

Proton

A

a positively charged subatomic particle inside the nucleus of an atom.

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11
Q

Neutron

A

a neutral subatomic particle inside the nucleus of an atom.

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12
Q

Electron

A

a negatively charged subatomic particle found outside of the nucleus of an atom.

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13
Q

Nucleus

A

the center of an atom where protons and neutrons are located and contains the majority of mass for an atom.

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14
Q

Period (on the Periodic Table of Elements)

A

7 horizontal rows on the periodic table where elements are arranged gradually and predictably based on their atomic number.

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15
Q

Group (on the Periodic Table of Elements)

A

18 vertical columns on the periodic table where elements are arranged according to similar physical and chemical properties they share within a given group.

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16
Q

Metal

A

majority of the elements on the periodic table that: conduct heat and electricity; are ductile; shiny; malleable; and have high density.

17
Q

Metalloid

A

elements on the periodic table that divide metals from nonmetals and can contain various property characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.

18
Q

Nonmetal

A

elements within the periodic table whose properties are: poor conductors of heat and electricity; dull in appearance; and brittle.

19
Q

Representative Elements

A

Groups 1, 2, 13-18 on the periodic table that contain elements that are metal, nonmetal, and metalloids. Each group has its own unique properties for the elements of those specific groups.

20
Q

Transition Elements

A

Groups 4-12 on the periodic table. All of these elements are metals. Some transition elements, called the inner transition elements placed below the main table. These elements are known as the lanthanide and actinide series.