Matter & Materials Flashcards
Mixtures
- Can be separated by mechanical means
* Consists of two or more substances
Hermogenous Mixture
- Composition is constant
- Uniform Composition
- Known as solutions
Heterogenous Mixtures
- Non-uniform compositions
* Do not dissolve in each other
Pure substances
Consist of ONE type of element
Matter
Anything that occupies a space and mass
Substance
Form of matter
Suspension
A heterogenous mixture of solid mixed with a liquid
Separated by filtration
Miscible
Two liquids mixed completely
Immiscible
Liquids that do not mix
Emulsion
When two immiscible liquids are shaken
Separating mixtures
Separating by physical means:
Magnetism
Filtration
Compounds
A pure substance made of two or more elements bonded through chemical means
Separating compounds
Chemical processes is the only way
Types of compounds
Covalent
Ionic
Metallic
Covalent
Non-metal & non-metal
Ionic
Metal & non-metal
Cation
Atom that loses an electron
Positive
Anion
Atom that gains an electron
Negative
States of matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Solids
Definite shape and volume
Have mass
Take up space
Particles in solids
Tightly packed
Very little energy
Vibrate in place
Liquids
Take the shape of the container
Have mass
Particles in liquids
Loosely packed
Medium amount of energy
Flow around each other
Gases
Take up space
No definite volume
Have mass
Particles in gases
Move freely
Have lots of energy
Sublimation
Solid to gas
Phase transition
The physical change in the phase
Eg) water to ice
Melting point
The point at which the solid melts into a liquid
Boiling point
The point at which the liquid boils into a solid
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Explains the changes of state in terms of the positions of particles
Properties of metals
High BP, High MP
Solid
Some are magnetic
Properties of non-metals
Poor conductors of heat
Low BP
Atoms
Consist of protons, neutrons and electrons
What is an atom
The smallest particle of an element
