Matter In Our Surroundings Flashcards
What is Matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space ( has volume)
Particulate nature of matter?
Matter consists of very small particles ie atoms molecules and ions, with different shapes and sizes
What is the size of particles? Do particles have space between them?
The size of particles are 10 ^21.
Particles of matter have space between them. When we add potassium permangate to water, it dissolves I.e particles of matter have space b/w them.
What is diffusion? Characteristics of matter are?
The intermixing of particles of two different types of matter on their own is called diffusion.
Characteristics are:
1.every matter is made up of particles
2.Particles constituting matter are very small
3.Particles are separated from each other by inter particles spaces.
4.Particles are always in motion
5. Inter particle forces of attraction
Factors governing the state of matter?
- Cohesion is strong, kinetic energy of particles is low= solid
2.Cohesion is weak, kinetic energy is high= gas
3.Cohesion is moderately strong, kinetic energy is sufficient= liquid
Characteristics of solids are?
They are:
1.Definite shape and volume
2.Rigid and incompressible
3. High density
4. Do not flow
5. High melting and boiling points
Characteristics of Iiquids are?
They are:
1. Definite volume but no definite shape
2.Slight compressibility
3. Lower density than their solid states
4. Diffuse more readily
5.Boiling points are much lower
What are the properties of gas?
They are:
1. No definite shape/volume
2.High compressibility
3.low densities
4. High diffusion rates
5. Flow freely
Define temperature
Property of matter which reflects the quantity of motion of the component particles, measurement of how cold/hot substance is.
Change of state of matter
Chang of matter from one physical state to another, change sby :
A. Temperature
B.pressure
C. Both of the above
What is vapour? Are physical changes reversible?
Vapour is the gaseous state of a substance coexisting with liquid or solid state. Yes physical changes are reversible .
Define melting and melting points?
The process in which a solid state of matter changes into liquid state usually by heating is called melting/fusion.
Temperature at which solid becomes liquid at 1atm is called melting point, measure b/w the choseion of the constituent particles of that solid.
Why does temp remain constant during melting?
When a substance changes from solid to liquid, the heat energy supplied is up in overcoming the inter particles forces of attraction b/w the the particles of the solid. No change in kinetic energy=no change in temperature.
What is latent heat and latent heat of fusion?
Latent Heat= Quantity of heat absorbed /evolved when a substance undergoes change of state, remaining heat.
Heats of fusion= Amount of heat energy required to change one unit mass of a solid into liquid at atmospheric pressure at it melting point.
Freezing point and boiling point?
Freezing point= Temp at which a liquid substance changes into solid state at one atmospheric pressure.
Boiling point= temp at which a substance started boiling at 1 atmospheric pressure.
