Matter & Energy

Question 1

What are atoms?

Answer 1

The building blocks of matter.

Question 2

What is matter?

Answer 2

Substantial, often invisible, material of the universe.

Question 3

What is the nucleus?

Answer 3

The core of an atom. Contains most of the atom’s mass, and takes 1/10000 of an atom. Contains the protons and the neutrons.

Question 4

What are electrons?

Answer 4

Lighter particles that move around the nucleus. Have a negative charge.

Question 5

What are protons?

Answer 5

Positive charge, 2000 times bigger than electron.

Question 6

What are neutrons?

Answer 6

Have no charge, and are same size as protons.

Question 7

Do positive and negative charges go good together?

Answer 7

Yes, equal sides don’t go together.

Question 8

What is an atomic number?

Answer 8

The number of protons an atom contains.

Question 9

What is an atomic mass unit?

Answer 9

Unit of measurement for protons and neutrons.

Question 10

What are atomic shells?

Answer 10

Layers in a cloud model.

Question 11

Which is more accurate, cloud models or orbits models?

Answer 11

Cloud models.

Question 12

What are isotopes?

Answer 12

Atoms that have the same elements that have different proton models.

Question 13

What are ions?

Answer 13

When an atom has no charge, and gains a charge.

Question 14

What is energy?

Answer 14

Ability to work.

Question 15

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 15

Energy that’s being used.

Question 16

What is potential energy?

Answer 16

Energy being stored.

Question 17

Names 3/6 types of energy.

Answer 17

• Mechanical energy
• Thermal energy
• Radiant energy
• Electrical Energy
• Chemical Energy
• Atomic Energy

Question 18

What is acid?

Answer 18

Large groups of chemicals that taste sour and dissolve certain metals to form salts.

Question 19

What is a compound?

Answer 19

Two or more different kinds of atoms bound together.

Question 20

What are molecules?

Answer 20

combinations of atoms tightly bound together that form others.

Question 21

What is a base?

Answer 21

Substances that taste bitter and have a slippery feel, like soap.

Question 22

What are endothermic reactions?

Answer 22

reactions energy in the form of heat to proceed.

Question 23

What are exothermic reactions?

Answer 23

Give off heat as it happens

Question 24

Name four states of matter, and describe their meanings.

Answer 24

-Solid
Cannon change easily because molecules are so tightly packed together.
-Liquid
Molecules freely move, and does not have its own shape, so can be changed easily.
-Gas
Changes shape easily. Solids pass through easily, and can be compresses.
-Plasma
A special type of gas that contains electrically charged particles.

Question 25

What is H2O?

Answer 25

2 Hydrogen, one oxygen, is the formula for water.

Question 26

What are physical changes?

Answer 26

Changes that affect the form of matter as its shape or states.

Question 27

What are chemical changes?

Answer 27

Also called chemical reactions. Happens when kind of atom molecule combines with another atom to make another substance.

Question 28

Describe what electricity is.

Answer 28

Occurrences caused by the movement of electrically charged atoms, electrons, or protons.

Question 29

What is an electric field?

Answer 29

The region where an electric force is felt.

Question 30

What is an electric current?

Answer 30

Movement through matter of charged particles, electrons. The heart of both electricity and magnetism.

Question 31

What does DC and AC stand for? What is their purpose, and ho\w do they differ?

Answer 31

-DC (Direct Current) Electrons move in one direction. AC (alternating current) Electrons move back and forth in a short distance.

Question 32

Give examples of a radio wave.

Answer 32

- Radio - Cellphone - Garage door opener - Microwave

Question 33

Give examples of a microwave.

Answer 33

- TV | - Satellite

Question 34

Give examples of visible light.

Answer 34

- Candles | - light bulbs

Question 35

What is a mixture?

Answer 35

Made of individual substances that can be separated again using physical methods.

Question 36

What is a solution?

Answer 36

A mixture where the particles are too small to separate with ordinary methods.

Question 37

What is a compound?

Answer 37

Made of molecules that contain two or more different types of atoms bound together.

Question 38

What are chemical formulas?

Answer 38

Abbreviated versions of compound names.

Question 39

What is a homogeneous?

Answer 39

Same throughout.

Question 40

What is a physical property?

Answer 40

Affects only the form.

Question 41

What is a chemical change?

Answer 41

One kind of atom or molecule combined with another atom or molecule to make a new substance.

Question 42

What is heated matter?

Answer 42

Electrons receive extra energy, making them move more quickly.

Question 43

What is cooled matter?

Answer 43

Electrons lose energy, and therefore move more slowly.

Question 44

What is light?

Answer 44

Something that makes things visible or affords illumination.

Question 45

What does opaque mean?

Answer 45

Materials don't let any light in.

Question 46

What is translucent?

Answer 46

(Also Semi-opaque) | Materials that let some light through.

Question 47

What is transparent?

Answer 47

Materials let all light through.

Question 48

What do black and dark colors do?

Answer 48

Absorb more light and reflect less light.

Question 49

What is a sight line?

Answer 49

The path of light from an object to a person's eye.

Question 50

What is an incident ray?

Answer 50

A light ray from a reflective object.

Question 51

What is a reflective ray?

Answer 51

A ray that reflects off a reflective surface.

Question 52

How fast is the speed of light?

Answer 52

186,000 km/s

Question 53

What is sound?

Answer 53

Air molecules passing on energy to more air molecules.