When a substance is cooled: - Particles move more slowly - Distance between particles gets smaller - Attraction between the particles increases

Matter,Ecology,Energy,Solar System Flashcards by Aela Unknown

What are amorphous solids?

They are packed together with an irregular structure.

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Where is the asteroid belt located?

Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

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What are Quantitative observations?

Involve a numerical measurement

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What is a solid?

A substance that keeps the same size and shape regardless of the shape container it is.

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What is a liquid?

A substance that keeps the same volume but have no fixed shape. They take on the shape of the container they’re placed in.

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What are qualitative observations?

Describe in words the result of an investigation.

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What is the particle model?

all substance are made up of particles
the particles are attracted towards surrounding particles
the particles are always moving
the hotter the substance is, the faster they move

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Finish the sentence:

‘Particles in solids cannot move freely but they…… .. ….. ………

vibrate in fixed positions.

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The density of an object depends on…

How closely together the particles are.

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What are crystalline solids?

Solids made up of particles arranged in regular repeated units.

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What is a fluid?

A fluid is any substance that flows.

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What is diffusion?

Diffusion is the spreading of one substance into another.

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What is radiation?

Radiation travels in straight lines and can pass through empty space.

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In which state of matter cant diffusion occur and why?

Solids because the particles are not free to move.

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A change of state involves…

Heating or cooling of matter

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How do you find out the density of an object?

Mass divided by volume.

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Define community

A community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area.

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What is density?

The measure of how much matter there is in an object compared with how much space it takes up.

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What is matter made up of ?

Particles

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What is heat?

Heat is a form of energy and flows from a hotter object to a colder one until the temperatures are equal.

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What is contraction?

When a substance is cooled:

Particles move more slowly
Distance between particles gets smaller
Attraction between the particles increases

What is the difference between transferring and transforming?

Transferring is when the same type of energy is transferred from one object to another.

When does an object float in water?

If the fluid provided has a lower density that the fluid does.

What is transforming?

When energy is converted from one form to another or one energy to another.

When a substance is heated....

- the particles move faster - become further apart - take up space - therefore the substance expands

Define Environment

An environment is the surroundings or conditions in which animal or plant lives or operates.

What is matter?

Anything that has mass or takes up space.

Liquids and gases which particles are further apart and have more freedom of movement are classified as..

fluids

What is law of conservation of energy?

That energy cant be destroyed or created it can only be transformed.

What is temperature?

Temperature is a measurement of how hot or cold something is.

Define population

A population is all the individuals of the same species within an ecological community.

What is conduction?

Conduction is when the particles move faster and pass on energy through collisions. Kinetic energy is passed from particle to particle.

What is convention?

Convection is the circulation of gas or liquid due to changes in density caused by heating.

What is a Gas?

A substance that takes on the shape of there container and takes up all available space. Gases re also copies able so their volume can be made larger or smaller.

What is ecology?

Ecology is the study of the way in which organisms interact with other organisms & with their environment.

Define Habitat

A habitat is the natural home or environment of an animal plant or other organism.

Define ecosystem

An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

what are biotic factors?

All living organisms

What are abiotic factors?

Non-living things

What are producers?

Organisms that can make their own energy through photosynthesis.

What is the Heliocentric model?

Where the plants including earth orbit the sun.

What are decomposers?

Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms into simpler chemicals.

How does photosynthesis work?

Carbon dioxide (in the atmosphere)+water——> glucose+oxygen

Which planets are terrestrial planets?

Mercury , Venus , Earth, Mars

Which planets are gas planets?

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

The eight planets orbit the sun in an ________ pattern?

Elliptical

What are some reasons why microbes can be bad for humans?

- cause food to decay | - cause diseases (tetanus, pneumonia)

What are some reason why microbes are good?

- used to make food - live on our bodies - important for recycling nutrients in ecosystems

What is the Geocentric model?

Where the sun and the planets all orbit Earth.

What is expansion?

A substance is heated: - When the particles move faster - Distance between particles increases - The attraction between the particles decreases

What are consumers?

Organisms that receive energy by consuming other organisms

How has our understanding improved through the use of technology?

Galileo first described cheaters on the moon using an early telescope. Now astronomers have an array of satellites and telescopes which help us find out more about space.