Matter cl

Question 1

• refers to the parts or components of a sample of matter and their relative proportions. * are those qualities or attributes that we can
  use to distinguish one sample of matter from others

Answer 1

Composition

Properties

Question 2

color, malleable or brittle, conductor of heat and electricity

Answer 2

physical property

Question 3

In a chemical change, there is a change in * .

Answer 3

composition

Question 4

matter that has fixed composition and distinct qualities

Answer 4

pure substance

Question 5

Brass (*) is a what type of mixture?

Answer 5

homogeneous

Cu and Zn

Question 6

heterogeneous mixtures —> homogeneous mixtures which are either a mixture of solutions or pure substances

solutions —-> pure substances which are either elements or compounds

compounds —> elements which can —-> compounds

Answer 6

are physically separable into

are physically separable into

are chemically separable into

combine chemically to form

Question 7

SI prefix
1
2
3
6
9
12
15
18

Answer 7

deka (da)
hecto (h)
kilo (k)
mega (M)
giga (G)
tera (T)
peta (P)
exa (E)

Question 8

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 6
• 9
• 12
• 15
• 18

Answer 8

deci (d)
centi (c)
milli (m)
micro (μ)
nano (n)
pico (p)
femto (f)
atto (a)

Question 9

• introduced, for example, by calculations carried out to greater accuracy than that of the original data, or measurements reported to a greater
  precision than the equipment supports.

Answer 9

spurious digits

Question 10

The * states that the total mass of the products of a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the reactants entering into the reaction.
proponent

Answer 10

law of conservation of mass

Antoine Lavoisier

Question 11

The * (of law of definite proportions) states that all samples of a compound have the same composition, that is, the same proportions by * of the constituent elements.

Answer 11

law of constant composition

mass

Question 12

Dalton’s atomic theory led to a prediction–the law of * .
The law of multiple proportions states that if two elements form two or more compounds, the masses of one element combined with a fixed mass of the second
are in the * when the different compounds are compared.

Answer 12

multiple proportions

ratio of small whole numbers

Question 13

Discovery of electron: (another name for elec)

Answer 13

J.J. Thompson - cathode ray experiment

corpsucles

Question 14

J.J Thomson model for atom + discovery

Answer 14

plum-pudding model

charge-to-mass ratio of electron

Question 15

Starting in 1908, Robert Millikan and Harvey Fletcher worked on an * in which they measured the charge on a single *
Millikan ended up discovering the charge of the electron, and thus the electron’s *, by manipulating electrical charges and magnetic fields.

Answer 15

oil-drop experiment, electron

mass

Question 16

Ernest Rutherford identified two types of radiation from radioactive materials:

Alpha particles carry *, have essentially the same mass as helium atoms, actually identical to He2+.
• Beta particles are negatively charged particles, produced via changes in the * of radioactive atoms, same properties as electrons

Answer 16

alpha (a) and beta (b).
two units of positive charge (nucleus of He)
nuclei
beta - high energy electrons; nuclei split to form proton and the accompanying electron

Question 17

Ernest Rutherford experiment + discovery

Answer 17

gold foil experiment, discovery of proton

Question 18

Rutherford’s planetary model of the atom
• a relatively high central charge concentrated into a very small volume in comparison to the rest of the atom and containing the bulk of the *
(the nucleus of the atom).
• tiny electrons * the nucleus like planets around the sun

Answer 18

atomic mass, circled

Question 19

A
Z
X
A-Z =

Answer 19

mass number (proton + neutron)
atomic number (no. of proton)
chemical symbol
A-Z = number of neutron

Question 20

Isotopes: Atoms of the same element containing different numbers of * and therefore having different masses.

Answer 20

neutrons

Question 21

The various isotopes will contribute to the atomic weight of the element according to their * in the earth’s crust.

Answer 21

percent natural abundance