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Science > Matter, Changes of State, and Behavior of Fluids > Flashcards

Matter, Changes of State, and Behavior of Fluids Flashcards

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1
Q

Always in motion

A

Matter

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2
Q

Set volume, set shape

A

Solids

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3
Q

Crystalline/Amorphus

A

Solids

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4
Q

Particles are moving but very slightly back and forth(vibrating)

A

Solids

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5
Q

Same melting and boiling point, regular repeating 3D patterns

A

Crystalline solids

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6
Q

Salt, sugar, snow, sand, metals

A

Crystalline

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7
Q

Plastics, rubber, glass, foams, alloys

A

Amorphous

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8
Q

Set volume, no set shape

A

Liquids

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9
Q

Particles are packed closely together, but move about freely

A

Liquids

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10
Q

Take on the shape of their container

A

Liquids

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11
Q

No set volume or shape

A

Gases

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12
Q

Take on the shape and volume of whatever container they are placed in

A

Gases

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13
Q

Highest amount of kinetic energy

A

Gases

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14
Q

Viscosity

A

Liquids resistance to flow

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15
Q

High viscosity

A

Slow flowing liquid, Ex: honey, syrup, glue

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16
Q

Low viscosity

A

Fast flowing liquid, Ex: water, juice, milk

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17
Q

Thermal energy

A

The total amount of kinetic energy and potential Energy in a substance

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18
Q

Heat

A

The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another

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19
Q

Temperature

A

The average amount of kinetic energy of particles in a given substance

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20
Q

Heat’s way of flowing

A

Always flows from HOT TO COLD

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21
Q

Conduction

A

Transfer of thermal energy with particles colliding back and forth, DIRECT contact with the heat source
Ex: curling iron, iron, grill

22
Q

Convection

A

Transfer of heat energy through fluids(liquids/gases)

Ex: coffee cup, swimming pool, hair dryer

23
Q

Radiation

A

The transfer of heat energy through the emptiness of space, does not need particles in order to transfer heat
Ex: sun, fire, toaster

24
Q

Melting

A

Solid to liquid

25
Q

Freezing

A

Liquid to solid

26
Q

Vaporization

A

Liquid to gas

27
Q

Vaporization extras

A

Boiling and evaporation

28
Q

Condensation

A

Gas to liquid

29
Q

How are molecules affected in each change?

A

Absorbing or releasing thermal energy

30
Q

Pressure formula

A

F/A (pa)

31
Q

Force formula

A

P*A (lbs/N)

32
Q

Area

A

F/P (in2/m2)

33
Q

Force and area

A

Increase force, increase pressure/decrease force, decrease force, decrease pressure

Increase area, decrease pressure/decrease area, increase in pressure(inverse)

34
Q

Atmospheric pressure/ Pascal

A

Atmospheric pressure decreases the further you go up, airplane, balloon

35
Q

Density formula

A

M/V (g/cm3, or g/mL)

36
Q

Volume formula

A

M/D (cm3, or mL)

37
Q

Mass formula

A

V*D (g)

38
Q

If the volume of a confined gas remains the same, the pressure of the gas can change depending on the temperature

A

Charles law

39
Q

If volume decreases, pressure will increase if temperature remains constant. In return, if volume increases, pressure will decrease.

A

Boyles law

40
Q

Gas pressure

A

Charles and Boyles

41
Q

Buoyant force

A

Archimedes principle

42
Q

Archimedes principal

A

The buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of fluid displaced by that object

43
Q

Force pumps

A

If an otherwise closed container has has on opening or small hole in it, the fluid will be forced out of the opening when pressure is added, ketchup, toothpaste.

44
Q

The ability to work or create change

A

Energy

45
Q

Kinetic energy

A

The energy of an object due to its motion

46
Q

Energy that is stored in readiness

A

Potential Energy

47
Q

Why would a crystalline solid be a better conductor than amorphous?

A

Heat is equally transferred throughout, better regular 3D patterns, through conduction

48
Q

If the temperature of boiling water is remaining constant, then how is there steam?

A

Using thermal energy to break apart from other molecules and they’re changing state and moving to a gas.

49
Q

If Betty were to ever burn pasta, would a steam burn or boiling water hurt more?

A

Steam because it’s not concentrated, particles have a higher temperature and thermal energy.

50
Q

Brucey

A

Syrup has a viscosity naturally, when syrup is placed in the frig, the particles are losing thermal energy meaning that they are acting more like a solid than a liquid. When the syrup is heated in the microwave, the particles are gaining in thermal energy meaning that they are going to move faster. The viscosity is much lower once thermal energy is gained.

51
Q

Characteristics of temp, heat, and thermal energy

A

If a substance is heated up, then it is gaining thermal energy, then the particles are moving at a faster rate which is increasing the amount of kinetic energy. the rise in kinetic energy causes the temperature to rise as well.

Science (3 decks)

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