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Medical Chemistry > Matter and Safety > Flashcards

Matter and Safety Flashcards

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1
Q

Matter:

A

The stuff that makes up other stuff

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2
Q

Matter has:

A

Mass and volume

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3
Q

3 states of matter:

A

Solid, liquid, and gas

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4
Q

Components of a solid:

A

Definite shape and volume, particles locked into place

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5
Q

Components of a liquid:

A

Takes the shape of the container but has a definite mass, particles can slide past each other

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6
Q

Components of a gas:

A

Takes the shape and volume of its container, particles can easily move past each other

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7
Q

Law of Conservation of Matter:

A

Matter can neither be created nor destroyed

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8
Q

Physical properties:

A

Properties associated with how a substance looks

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9
Q

Chemical properties:

A

The ability of a substance to make a new substance

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10
Q

Intensive properties:

A

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance present

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11
Q

Extensive properties:

A

Properties that depend on the amount of substance present

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12
Q

Physical changes:

A

Changes in the appearance of a substance, DO NOT affect the composition of a substance

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13
Q

Chemical changes:

A

Changes in which a new substance if formed

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14
Q

Examples of physical properties:

A

Color, texture, length, state of matter

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15
Q

Examples of chemical properties:

A

The ability to rust

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16
Q

Examples of extensive properties:

A

length, volume, mass

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17
Q

Examples of intensive properties:

A

Color, boiling point, density

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18
Q

Examples of physical changes:

A

Boiling water, ice melting, cutting your hair

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19
Q

Examples of chemical changes:

A

Rusting, burning, fermentation, silver tarnishing

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20
Q

Elements:

A

Substances that cannot be broken down by chemical processes; a group of the same type of atom, can exist alone or combined with another different element

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21
Q

Element examples:

A

Oxygen, hydrogen, iron, lead, gold, silver

22
Q

Allotrope

A

Different forms of the same element: red and white phosphorus

23
Q

Compounds:

A

substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined. always have the same composition

24
Q

Organic compounds:

A

Contain the elements carbon and hydrogen

25
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Do not contain carbon

26
Q

Mixture:

A

Something that has variable composition; something with 2 or more substances physically combined, can be broken down into elements or compounds

27
Q

Mixture examples:

A

Wine, coffee

28
Q

Pure substances:

A

always have the same composition, must be an element or a compound

29
Q

Pure substance examples:

A

lead, oxygen, water, carbon dioxide

30
Q

Homogeneous mixture

A

aka a solution, composition is the same through

31
Q

Examples of homogenous mixtures

A

salt water, milk, air

32
Q

Alloy

A

A solid solution of metals (brass)

33
Q

Heterogeneous mixtures

A

Composition is not the same throughout

34
Q

Examples of heterogeneous mixtures

A

Sand and water, chocolate chip cookies, trail mix

35
Q

Substitutional alloy:

A

Another metal is substituted in the original metal, the metals are approximately the same size

36
Q

Interstitial alloy

A

Smaller atoms fit into the holes of the original metallic structure

37
Q

Distillation:

A

separation of liquids based on differences in boiling point

38
Q

Filtration

A

Separation of liquids based on particle size

39
Q

Chromatography

A

used when mixture is composed of two materials with different “affinities” for a stationary phase

40
Q

Temperature:

A

Measure of the heat of a substance

41
Q

Celsius -> Kelvin

A

-273 -> 0

42
Q

Gas -> Liquid:

A

condensation

43
Q

Liquid -> gas:

A

Evaporation

44
Q

Liquid -> solid:

A

freezing

45
Q

Solid -> liquid

A

melting

46
Q

solid -> gas

A

sublimation

47
Q

gas -> solid

A

deposition

48
Q

Diatomic:

A

2 atoms bonded together

49
Q

Covalent bonds:

A

Shared bonds

50
Q

Ionic bonds:

A

Transferred bonds

Medical Chemistry (1 decks)

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