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Physics > Matter and Radiation, Quarks and Leptons > Flashcards

Matter and Radiation, Quarks and Leptons Flashcards

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1
Q

1eV is…

A

The work done in accelerating an electron across a potential difference of 1 Volt

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2
Q

1eV=size and unit?

A

1.6x10^-19J

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3
Q

What is pair production?

A

A photon with sufficient energy passing near a nucleus or an electron would then change into a particle-antiparticle pair

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4
Q

Strong nuclear force is felt by…

A

Quarks

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5
Q

Weak nuclear force is felt by…

A

Any particle

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6
Q

EM force is felt by…

A

Any charged particle

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7
Q

Gravitation force is felt by…

A

Any particle with mass

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8
Q

The exchange particle for EM force is…

A

Virtual Photons

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9
Q

The exchange particles for weak nuclear force is…

A

W- and W+ Bosons

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10
Q

Bosons have…(3)

A
  • Non-zero rest mass
  • Very short range of 0.001 fm
  • They are positively or negatively charged
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11
Q

What is annihilation?

A

The process when a particle and an antiparticle meet, resulting in the conversion of their total mass into photons

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12
Q

Gravitational Force

A
  • Weakest
  • Infinite range
  • Attractive force
  • Exchange particle is Gravitron
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13
Q

EM Force

A
  • Stronger than grav
  • Infinite range and keeps atoms together
  • Gives atoms chemical, mechanical and electrical
  • Exchange particle is Photon
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14
Q

Weak Nuclear Force

A
  • Weaker than EM force, stronger than grav
  • Range doesn’t have have further than nucleus
  • Responsible for B- decay and fusion in stars
  • Exchange particle is W-,W+,Z^0
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15
Q

Strong Nuclear Force

A
  • Strongest force
  • Range is only between neighbouring nucleons
  • Keeps nucleons together
  • Exchange particle is Gluon
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16
Q

What is electron capture?

A

A proton interacts with an inner shell electron through weak nuclear force. Proton turns into a neutron (n) and the electron turns into a neutrino by the exchange of a W+ Boson.

17
Q

Lepton Characteristics (4)

A
  • Fundamental
  • Lepton number -+1
  • Baryon number 0
  • Strangeness 0
18
Q

Lepton names(4) and corresponding Anti-particle(4)

A
  • Electron (positron)
  • Muon (antimuon)
  • Electron neutrino (electron antineutrino)
  • Muon neutrino (muon antineutrino)
19
Q

Hadron Characteristics(2)

A
  • Not fundamental

- Consist of two families (Baryons and mesons)

20
Q

Baryon Characteristics(4)

A
  • Contain 3 quarks
  • Baryon number -+1
  • Lepton number 0
  • Strangeness 0
21
Q

Baryon names(2) and Corresponding antiparticle(2)

A
  • Proton(Antiproton)

- Neutron(Antineutron)

22
Q

Proton quark composition

A

u, u , d

23
Q

Antiproton quark composition

A

Anti u, Anti u, Anti d

24
Q

Neutron quark composition

A

u, d, d

25
Q

Antineutron quark composition

A

Anti u, Anti d, Anti d

26
Q

Mesons Characteristics(5)

A
  • One quark and anti quarks
  • Baryon number 0
  • Lepton number 0
  • Decay into photons and leptons
  • Consist of two families (Pions and kaons)
27
Q

Pion Characteristics(2)

A
  • Quark anti-quark pair

- Strangeness 0

28
Q

π- quark composition

A

down, anti up

29
Q

π+ quark composition

A

up, anti-down

30
Q

π0 quark composition

A
  • up, anti-up
  • down, anti-down
  • it can be any combination of a quark and corresponding anti-quark
31
Q

Kaon Characteristics(1)

A

-Strangeness +-1

32
Q

K- quark composition

A

strange, anti-up

33
Q

K+ quark composition

A

up, anti-strange

34
Q

K^0 quark compostion

A
  • down, anti-strange

- strange, anti-down

35
Q

Conservation Laws(4) in interactions

A
  • Relative charge is conserved
  • Baryon number is conserved
  • Strangeness is only conserved involving strong force
  • Strangeness is not always conserved involving weak nuclear force, it can be 0,or change by +-1

Physics (4 decks)

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